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Positive effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on depression and anxiety in Chinese adolescents.

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Title: Positive effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on depression and anxiety in Chinese adolescents.
Authors: Yang, Xinhua, Lawrence, Andrew J., Harrison, Phillippa, Liu, Yanlong, Chen, Liangliang, Wang, Chenglei, Yan, Chao, Zahn, Roland
Source: European Child & Adolescent Psychiatry. May2024, Vol. 33 Issue 5, p1551-1561. 11p.
Subjects: Prevention of mental depression, Self-evaluation, Mental health, Research funding, Psychology of high school students, Positive psychology, Questionnaires, Longitudinal method, Stay-at-home orders, Psychological stress, Home schooling, Research methodology, Bullying, Anxiety disorders, COVID-19 pandemic, Mental depression, Social isolation, Adolescence
Geographic Terms: China
Abstract: The potential impact on mental health of home schooling and social isolation due to COVID-19 lockdowns has led to widespread concern, particularly for adolescents. However, studies including pre-pandemic data from longitudinal cohorts with an assessment of the longer-term impact of the Covid-19 pandemic beyond the first months of 2020 are scarce. This longitudinal study of 1534 adolescents attending a secondary school in Hunan province investigated self-reported symptoms of anxiety and depression using two validated scales (Screen for Child Anxiety Related Disorders, Child Mood and Feelings Questionnaire) at six time points before, during, and after the 2020 national lockdown restrictions in China. Perceived COVID-related stress was assessed by an author-developed scale at two timepoints during the lockdown. We investigated trends in symptoms over time with a fixed effects model and multiple imputations of missing data. Counter to our expectations, depressive and anxiety symptoms were reduced during the 2020 lockdown relative to pre-lockdown (depression: b = − 3.37, SE = 0.345, Cohen's d = − 0.25, p < 0.0001; anxiety: b = − 4.55, SE = 0.382, Cohen's d = − 0.30, p < 0.0001). Symptoms remained significantly reduced even after lockdown restrictions eased. Higher symptom levels during lockdown were associated with greater self-reported COVID-related stress (depression: b = 0.11, SE = 0.026, p < 0.0001; anxiety: b = 0.11, SE = 0.036, p < 0.0001). Although COVID-related stresses correlated with higher levels of anxiety and depression, the lockdown period was associated with improved symptom levels in the adolescents taking part in our study. School closures may have improved the mental health of adolescents in China. We speculate this beneficial effect of lockdown can be explained by the adverse effects of attending school itself such as exposure to bullying and achievement pressures. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Copyright of European Child & Adolescent Psychiatry is the property of Springer Nature and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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  Data: Positive effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on depression and anxiety in Chinese adolescents.
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  Data: The potential impact on mental health of home schooling and social isolation due to COVID-19 lockdowns has led to widespread concern, particularly for adolescents. However, studies including pre-pandemic data from longitudinal cohorts with an assessment of the longer-term impact of the Covid-19 pandemic beyond the first months of 2020 are scarce. This longitudinal study of 1534 adolescents attending a secondary school in Hunan province investigated self-reported symptoms of anxiety and depression using two validated scales (Screen for Child Anxiety Related Disorders, Child Mood and Feelings Questionnaire) at six time points before, during, and after the 2020 national lockdown restrictions in China. Perceived COVID-related stress was assessed by an author-developed scale at two timepoints during the lockdown. We investigated trends in symptoms over time with a fixed effects model and multiple imputations of missing data. Counter to our expectations, depressive and anxiety symptoms were reduced during the 2020 lockdown relative to pre-lockdown (depression: b = − 3.37, SE = 0.345, Cohen&#39;s d = − 0.25, p &lt; 0.0001; anxiety: b = − 4.55, SE = 0.382, Cohen&#39;s d = − 0.30, p &lt; 0.0001). Symptoms remained significantly reduced even after lockdown restrictions eased. Higher symptom levels during lockdown were associated with greater self-reported COVID-related stress (depression: b = 0.11, SE = 0.026, p &lt; 0.0001; anxiety: b = 0.11, SE = 0.036, p &lt; 0.0001). Although COVID-related stresses correlated with higher levels of anxiety and depression, the lockdown period was associated with improved symptom levels in the adolescents taking part in our study. School closures may have improved the mental health of adolescents in China. We speculate this beneficial effect of lockdown can be explained by the adverse effects of attending school itself such as exposure to bullying and achievement pressures. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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  Data: &lt;i&gt;Copyright of European Child &amp; Adolescent Psychiatry is the property of Springer Nature and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder&#39;s express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract.&lt;/i&gt; (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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RecordInfo BibRecord:
  BibEntity:
    Identifiers:
      – Type: doi
        Value: 10.1007/s00787-023-02263-z
    Languages:
      – Code: eng
        Text: English
    PhysicalDescription:
      Pagination:
        PageCount: 11
        StartPage: 1551
    Subjects:
      – SubjectFull: Prevention of mental depression
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Self-evaluation
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Mental health
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Research funding
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Psychology of high school students
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Positive psychology
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Questionnaires
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Longitudinal method
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Stay-at-home orders
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Psychological stress
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      – SubjectFull: Home schooling
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      – SubjectFull: Research methodology
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      – SubjectFull: Bullying
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      – SubjectFull: Anxiety disorders
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      – SubjectFull: COVID-19 pandemic
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      – SubjectFull: Mental depression
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      – SubjectFull: Social isolation
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      – SubjectFull: Adolescence
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: China
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              Text: May2024
              Type: published
              Y: 2024
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