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Atypical semantic cognition in schizotypal personality disorder and borderline personality disorder.

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Title: Atypical semantic cognition in schizotypal personality disorder and borderline personality disorder.
Authors: Petersen, Lea S. (AUTHOR), Vestergaard, Martin (AUTHOR), Meisner, Maria W. (AUTHOR), Foldager, Malene (AUTHOR), Simonsen, Erik (AUTHOR)
Source: Journal of Clinical & Experimental Neuropsychology. Apr2024, Vol. 46 Issue 3, p218-232. 15p.
Subjects: Schizotypal personality disorder, Personality disorders, Borderline personality disorder, Cognition, Personality, Semantic memory
Abstract: Increased schizotypal traits have previously been associated with atypical semantic cognition in community samples. However, no study has yet examined whether adults diagnosed with schizotypal personality disorder (SPD) display atypical semantic fluency and memory. We hypothesized that 24 adults diagnosed with SPD would name more idiosyncratic words on the semantic fluency task and show decreased semantic recall for animal and fruit category words compared with 29 participants with borderline personality disorder (BPD) and a community sample of 96 age-matched controls. We examined whether atypical semantic cognition was specifically associated with disorganized and eccentric speech and thinking, or more broadly with pathological personality traits and personality functioning. Our main hypothesis was confirmed, as the SPD participants named more idiosyncratic words and recalled fewer semantically related words compared with controls. Surprisingly, participants with BPD likewise named more atypical words compared with controls. More idiosyncratic semantic fluency was associated with more eccentric speech and thinking. Increased idiosyncratic semantic fluency and reduced semantic recall were both coupled to increased detachment and lowered personality functioning, while reduced semantic recall further was related to increased interpersonal problems. Our findings suggest that persons with SPD, and to a lesser degree BPD, show atypical semantic cognition, which is associated with eccentric speech and thinking, and more broadly with impaired personality function, social withdrawal, and emotional flatness. The idiosyncratic semantic cognition may worsen difficulties with social reciprocity seen in SPD and BPD. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Copyright of Journal of Clinical & Experimental Neuropsychology is the property of Taylor & Francis Ltd and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
Database: Psychology and Behavioral Sciences Collection
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  Data: Atypical semantic cognition in schizotypal personality disorder and borderline personality disorder.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Petersen%2C+Lea+S%2E%22">Petersen, Lea S.</searchLink> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Vestergaard%2C+Martin%22">Vestergaard, Martin</searchLink> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Meisner%2C+Maria+W%2E%22">Meisner, Maria W.</searchLink> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Foldager%2C+Malene%22">Foldager, Malene</searchLink> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Simonsen%2C+Erik%22">Simonsen, Erik</searchLink> (AUTHOR)
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="JN" term="%22Journal+of+Clinical+%26+Experimental+Neuropsychology%22">Journal of Clinical & Experimental Neuropsychology</searchLink>. Apr2024, Vol. 46 Issue 3, p218-232. 15p.
– Name: Subject
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Schizotypal+personality+disorder%22">Schizotypal personality disorder</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Personality+disorders%22">Personality disorders</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Borderline+personality+disorder%22">Borderline personality disorder</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Cognition%22">Cognition</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Personality%22">Personality</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Semantic+memory%22">Semantic memory</searchLink>
– Name: Abstract
  Label: Abstract
  Group: Ab
  Data: Increased schizotypal traits have previously been associated with atypical semantic cognition in community samples. However, no study has yet examined whether adults diagnosed with schizotypal personality disorder (SPD) display atypical semantic fluency and memory. We hypothesized that 24 adults diagnosed with SPD would name more idiosyncratic words on the semantic fluency task and show decreased semantic recall for animal and fruit category words compared with 29 participants with borderline personality disorder (BPD) and a community sample of 96 age-matched controls. We examined whether atypical semantic cognition was specifically associated with disorganized and eccentric speech and thinking, or more broadly with pathological personality traits and personality functioning. Our main hypothesis was confirmed, as the SPD participants named more idiosyncratic words and recalled fewer semantically related words compared with controls. Surprisingly, participants with BPD likewise named more atypical words compared with controls. More idiosyncratic semantic fluency was associated with more eccentric speech and thinking. Increased idiosyncratic semantic fluency and reduced semantic recall were both coupled to increased detachment and lowered personality functioning, while reduced semantic recall further was related to increased interpersonal problems. Our findings suggest that persons with SPD, and to a lesser degree BPD, show atypical semantic cognition, which is associated with eccentric speech and thinking, and more broadly with impaired personality function, social withdrawal, and emotional flatness. The idiosyncratic semantic cognition may worsen difficulties with social reciprocity seen in SPD and BPD. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
– Name: AbstractSuppliedCopyright
  Label:
  Group: Ab
  Data: <i>Copyright of Journal of Clinical & Experimental Neuropsychology is the property of Taylor & Francis Ltd and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract.</i> (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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        Value: 10.1080/13803395.2024.2340813
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        Text: English
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            NameFull: Petersen, Lea S.
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            NameFull: Meisner, Maria W.
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              Text: Apr2024
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