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Small area variations in non-affective first-episode psychosis: the role of socioeconomic and environmental factors.

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Title: Small area variations in non-affective first-episode psychosis: the role of socioeconomic and environmental factors.
Authors: Gutiérrez, Gerardo (AUTHOR), Goicoa, Tomas (AUTHOR), Ugarte, María Dolores (AUTHOR), Aranguren, Lidia (AUTHOR), Corrales, Asier (AUTHOR), Gil-Berrozpe, Gustavo (AUTHOR), Librero, Julián (AUTHOR), Sánchez-Torres, Ana M. (AUTHOR), Peralta, Victor (AUTHOR), García de Jalon, Elena (AUTHOR), Cuesta, Manuel J. (AUTHOR), Martínez, Matilde (AUTHOR), Otero, Maria (AUTHOR), Azcarate, Leire (AUTHOR), Pereda, Nahia (AUTHOR), Monclús, Fernando (AUTHOR), Moreno, Laura (AUTHOR), Fernández, Alba (AUTHOR), Ariz, Mari Cruz (AUTHOR), Sabaté, Alba (AUTHOR)
Source: European Archives of Psychiatry & Clinical Neuroscience. Sep2024, Vol. 274 Issue 6, p1497-1506. 10p.
Subjects: Environmental risk, Immigrants, Socioeconomic factors, Psychoses, Spatial variation
Abstract: Background: There is strong evidence supporting the association between environmental factors and increased risk of non-affective psychotic disorders. However, the use of sound statistical methods to account for spatial variations associated with environmental risk factors, such as urbanicity, migration, or deprivation, is scarce in the literature. Methods: We studied the geographical distribution of non-affective first-episode psychosis (NA-FEP) in a northern region of Spain (Navarra) during a 54-month period considering area-level socioeconomic indicators as putative explanatory variables. We used several Bayesian hierarchical Poisson models to smooth the standardized incidence ratios (SIR). We included neighborhood-level variables in the spatial models as covariates. Results: We identified 430 NA-FEP cases over a 54-month period for a population at risk of 365,213 inhabitants per year. NA-FEP incidence risks showed spatial patterning and a significant ecological association with the migrant population, unemployment, and consumption of anxiolytics and antidepressants. The high-risk areas corresponded mostly to peripheral urban regions; very few basic health sectors of rural areas emerged as high-risk areas in the spatial models with covariates. Discussion: Increased rates of unemployment, the migrant population, and consumption of anxiolytics and antidepressants showed significant associations linked to the spatial-geographic incidence of NA-FEP. These results may allow targeting geographical areas to provide preventive interventions that potentially address modifiable environmental risk factors for NA-FEP. Further investigation is needed to understand the mechanisms underlying the associations between environmental risk factors and the incidence of NA-FEP. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Copyright of European Archives of Psychiatry & Clinical Neuroscience is the property of Springer Nature and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
Database: Psychology and Behavioral Sciences Collection
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  Data: Small area variations in non-affective first-episode psychosis: the role of socioeconomic and environmental factors.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Gutiérrez%2C+Gerardo%22">Gutiérrez, Gerardo</searchLink> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Goicoa%2C+Tomas%22">Goicoa, Tomas</searchLink> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Ugarte%2C+María+Dolores%22">Ugarte, María Dolores</searchLink> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Aranguren%2C+Lidia%22">Aranguren, Lidia</searchLink> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Corrales%2C+Asier%22">Corrales, Asier</searchLink> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Gil-Berrozpe%2C+Gustavo%22">Gil-Berrozpe, Gustavo</searchLink> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Librero%2C+Julián%22">Librero, Julián</searchLink> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Sánchez-Torres%2C+Ana+M%2E%22">Sánchez-Torres, Ana M.</searchLink> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Peralta%2C+Victor%22">Peralta, Victor</searchLink> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22García+de+Jalon%2C+Elena%22">García de Jalon, Elena</searchLink> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Cuesta%2C+Manuel+J%2E%22">Cuesta, Manuel J.</searchLink> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Martínez%2C+Matilde%22">Martínez, Matilde</searchLink> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Otero%2C+Maria%22">Otero, Maria</searchLink> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Azcarate%2C+Leire%22">Azcarate, Leire</searchLink> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Pereda%2C+Nahia%22">Pereda, Nahia</searchLink> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Monclús%2C+Fernando%22">Monclús, Fernando</searchLink> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Moreno%2C+Laura%22">Moreno, Laura</searchLink> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Fernández%2C+Alba%22">Fernández, Alba</searchLink> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Ariz%2C+Mari+Cruz%22">Ariz, Mari Cruz</searchLink> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Sabaté%2C+Alba%22">Sabaté, Alba</searchLink> (AUTHOR)
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="JN" term="%22European+Archives+of+Psychiatry+%26+Clinical+Neuroscience%22">European Archives of Psychiatry & Clinical Neuroscience</searchLink>. Sep2024, Vol. 274 Issue 6, p1497-1506. 10p.
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  Label: Abstract
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  Data: Background: There is strong evidence supporting the association between environmental factors and increased risk of non-affective psychotic disorders. However, the use of sound statistical methods to account for spatial variations associated with environmental risk factors, such as urbanicity, migration, or deprivation, is scarce in the literature. Methods: We studied the geographical distribution of non-affective first-episode psychosis (NA-FEP) in a northern region of Spain (Navarra) during a 54-month period considering area-level socioeconomic indicators as putative explanatory variables. We used several Bayesian hierarchical Poisson models to smooth the standardized incidence ratios (SIR). We included neighborhood-level variables in the spatial models as covariates. Results: We identified 430 NA-FEP cases over a 54-month period for a population at risk of 365,213 inhabitants per year. NA-FEP incidence risks showed spatial patterning and a significant ecological association with the migrant population, unemployment, and consumption of anxiolytics and antidepressants. The high-risk areas corresponded mostly to peripheral urban regions; very few basic health sectors of rural areas emerged as high-risk areas in the spatial models with covariates. Discussion: Increased rates of unemployment, the migrant population, and consumption of anxiolytics and antidepressants showed significant associations linked to the spatial-geographic incidence of NA-FEP. These results may allow targeting geographical areas to provide preventive interventions that potentially address modifiable environmental risk factors for NA-FEP. Further investigation is needed to understand the mechanisms underlying the associations between environmental risk factors and the incidence of NA-FEP. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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  Data: <i>Copyright of European Archives of Psychiatry & Clinical Neuroscience is the property of Springer Nature and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract.</i> (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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