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Associations between attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder genetic liability and ICD-10 medical conditions in adults: utilizing electronic health records in a Phenome-Wide Association Study.

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Title: Associations between attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder genetic liability and ICD-10 medical conditions in adults: utilizing electronic health records in a Phenome-Wide Association Study.
Authors: Haan, Elis, Krebs, Kristi, Võsa, Urmo, Brikell, Isabell, Larsson, Henrik, Lehto, Kelli, Team, Estonian Biobank Research
Source: Psychological Medicine. Jul2024, Vol. 54 Issue 10, p1-14. 14p.
Subjects: Risk factors of attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder, Risk assessment, Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder, Research funding, Genome-wide association studies, Data analysis, Questionnaires, Genetic risk score, Odds ratio, Electronic health records, Statistics, Obstructive lung diseases, Type 2 diabetes, Confidence intervals, Nosology, Obesity, Comorbidity
Geographic Terms: Estonia
Abstract: Background Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is often comorbid with other medical conditions in adult patients. However, ADHD is extremely underdiagnosed in adults and little is known about the medical comorbidities in undiagnosed adult individuals with high ADHD liability. In this study we investigated associations between ADHD genetic liability and electronic health record (EHR)-based ICD-10 diagnoses across all diagnostic categories, in individuals without ADHD diagnosis history. Methods We used data from the Estonian Biobank cohort (N = 111 261) and generated polygenic risk scores (PRS) for ADHD (PRS ADHD) based on the ADHD genome-wide association study. We performed a phenome-wide association study (PheWAS) to test for associations between standardized PRS ADHD and 1515 EHR-based ICD-10 diagnoses in the full and sex-stratified sample. We compared the observed significant ICD-10 associations to associations with (1) ADHD diagnosis and (2) questionnaire-based high ADHD risk analyses. Results After Bonferroni correction (p = 3.3 × 10 −5) we identified 80 medical conditions associated with PRS ADHD. The strongest evidence was seen with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (OR 1.15, CI 1.11–1.18), obesity (OR 1.13, CI 1.11–1.15), and type 2 diabetes (OR 1.11, CI 1.09–1.14). Sex-stratified analysis generally showed similar associations in males and females. Out of all identified associations, 40% and 78% were also observed using ADHD diagnosis or questionnaire-based ADHD, respectively, as the predictor. Conclusions Overall our findings indicate that ADHD genetic liability is associated with an increased risk of a substantial number of medical conditions in undiagnosed individuals. These results highlight the need for timely detection and improved management of ADHD symptoms in adults. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Copyright of Psychological Medicine is the property of Cambridge University Press and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
Database: Psychology and Behavioral Sciences Collection
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  Data: Associations between attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder genetic liability and ICD-10 medical conditions in adults: utilizing electronic health records in a Phenome-Wide Association Study.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Haan%2C+Elis%22">Haan, Elis</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Krebs%2C+Kristi%22">Krebs, Kristi</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Võsa%2C+Urmo%22">Võsa, Urmo</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Brikell%2C+Isabell%22">Brikell, Isabell</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Larsson%2C+Henrik%22">Larsson, Henrik</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Lehto%2C+Kelli%22">Lehto, Kelli</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Team%2C+Estonian+Biobank+Research%22">Team, Estonian Biobank Research</searchLink>
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="JN" term="%22Psychological+Medicine%22">Psychological Medicine</searchLink>. Jul2024, Vol. 54 Issue 10, p1-14. 14p.
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  Data: Background Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is often comorbid with other medical conditions in adult patients. However, ADHD is extremely underdiagnosed in adults and little is known about the medical comorbidities in undiagnosed adult individuals with high ADHD liability. In this study we investigated associations between ADHD genetic liability and electronic health record (EHR)-based ICD-10 diagnoses across all diagnostic categories, in individuals without ADHD diagnosis history. Methods We used data from the Estonian Biobank cohort (N = 111 261) and generated polygenic risk scores (PRS) for ADHD (PRS ADHD) based on the ADHD genome-wide association study. We performed a phenome-wide association study (PheWAS) to test for associations between standardized PRS ADHD and 1515 EHR-based ICD-10 diagnoses in the full and sex-stratified sample. We compared the observed significant ICD-10 associations to associations with (1) ADHD diagnosis and (2) questionnaire-based high ADHD risk analyses. Results After Bonferroni correction (p = 3.3 × 10 −5) we identified 80 medical conditions associated with PRS ADHD. The strongest evidence was seen with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (OR 1.15, CI 1.11–1.18), obesity (OR 1.13, CI 1.11–1.15), and type 2 diabetes (OR 1.11, CI 1.09–1.14). Sex-stratified analysis generally showed similar associations in males and females. Out of all identified associations, 40% and 78% were also observed using ADHD diagnosis or questionnaire-based ADHD, respectively, as the predictor. Conclusions Overall our findings indicate that ADHD genetic liability is associated with an increased risk of a substantial number of medical conditions in undiagnosed individuals. These results highlight the need for timely detection and improved management of ADHD symptoms in adults. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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  Data: <i>Copyright of Psychological Medicine is the property of Cambridge University Press and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract.</i> (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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        Value: 10.1017/S0033291724000606
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        Text: English
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              Text: Jul2024
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