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Impact of neighborhood disadvantage on posttrauma outcomes after sexual assault.

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Title: Impact of neighborhood disadvantage on posttrauma outcomes after sexual assault.
Authors: Gaither, Rachel (AUTHOR), Zandstra, Tamsin (AUTHOR), Linnstaedt, Sarah D. (AUTHOR), McLean, Samuel A. (AUTHOR), Lechner, Megan (AUTHOR), Bell, Kathy (AUTHOR), Black, Jenny (AUTHOR), Buchanan, Jennie A. (AUTHOR), Ho, Jeffrey D. (AUTHOR), Platt, Melissa A. (AUTHOR), Riviello, Ralph J. (AUTHOR), Beaudoin, Francesca L. (AUTHOR)
Source: Journal of Traumatic Stress. Dec2024, Vol. 37 Issue 6, p877-889. 13p.
Subjects: Mental illness, Poor communities, Post-traumatic stress, Sexual assault, Neighborhood characteristics, Post-traumatic stress disorder
Abstract: In the United States, 8,000,000 people seek emergency care for traumatic injury annually. Motor vehicle collisions (MVCs) and sexual assault are two common sources of trauma, with evidence that reduced neighborhood‐level socioeconomic characteristics increase posttraumatic pain and stress after an MVC. We evaluated whether neighborhood disadvantage was also associated with physical and mental posttrauma outcomes after sexual assault in a sample of adult women (N = 656) who presented for emergency care at facilities in the United States following sexual assault and were followed for 1 year. Neighborhood characteristics were assessed via the Area Deprivation Index, and self‐reported pain, anxiety, depression, and posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptoms were collected at 6 weeks posttrauma. Adjusted log‐binomial regression models examined the association between each clinical outcome and neighborhood disadvantage. Women in more disadvantaged neighborhoods were more likely to be non‐White and have lower annual incomes. At 6 weeks posttrauma, the prevalence of clinically significant pain, anxiety, and depressive symptoms more than doubled from baseline (41.7% vs. 18.8%, 62.4% vs. 23.9%, and 55.2% vs. 22.7%, respectively); 40.7% of women also reported PTSD symptoms. Black, Hispanic, and lower‐income participants were more likely to report pre‐ and postassault pain, anxiety, and depression. After adjusting for race, ethnicity, and income, no significant association existed between neighborhood disadvantage and any outcome, ps =.197 ‐.859. Although neighborhood disadvantage was not associated with posttrauma outcomes, these findings highlight the need for continued research in diverse populations at high risk of adverse physical and mental health symptoms following sexual assault. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Copyright of Journal of Traumatic Stress is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
Database: Psychology and Behavioral Sciences Collection
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  Data: Impact of neighborhood disadvantage on posttrauma outcomes after sexual assault.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Gaither%2C+Rachel%22">Gaither, Rachel</searchLink> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Zandstra%2C+Tamsin%22">Zandstra, Tamsin</searchLink> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Linnstaedt%2C+Sarah+D%2E%22">Linnstaedt, Sarah D.</searchLink> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22McLean%2C+Samuel+A%2E%22">McLean, Samuel A.</searchLink> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Lechner%2C+Megan%22">Lechner, Megan</searchLink> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Bell%2C+Kathy%22">Bell, Kathy</searchLink> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Black%2C+Jenny%22">Black, Jenny</searchLink> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Buchanan%2C+Jennie+A%2E%22">Buchanan, Jennie A.</searchLink> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Ho%2C+Jeffrey+D%2E%22">Ho, Jeffrey D.</searchLink> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Platt%2C+Melissa+A%2E%22">Platt, Melissa A.</searchLink> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Riviello%2C+Ralph+J%2E%22">Riviello, Ralph J.</searchLink> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Beaudoin%2C+Francesca+L%2E%22">Beaudoin, Francesca L.</searchLink> (AUTHOR)
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="JN" term="%22Journal+of+Traumatic+Stress%22">Journal of Traumatic Stress</searchLink>. Dec2024, Vol. 37 Issue 6, p877-889. 13p.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Mental+illness%22">Mental illness</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Poor+communities%22">Poor communities</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Post-traumatic+stress%22">Post-traumatic stress</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Sexual+assault%22">Sexual assault</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Neighborhood+characteristics%22">Neighborhood characteristics</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Post-traumatic+stress+disorder%22">Post-traumatic stress disorder</searchLink>
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  Label: Abstract
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  Data: In the United States, 8,000,000 people seek emergency care for traumatic injury annually. Motor vehicle collisions (MVCs) and sexual assault are two common sources of trauma, with evidence that reduced neighborhood‐level socioeconomic characteristics increase posttraumatic pain and stress after an MVC. We evaluated whether neighborhood disadvantage was also associated with physical and mental posttrauma outcomes after sexual assault in a sample of adult women (N = 656) who presented for emergency care at facilities in the United States following sexual assault and were followed for 1 year. Neighborhood characteristics were assessed via the Area Deprivation Index, and self‐reported pain, anxiety, depression, and posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptoms were collected at 6 weeks posttrauma. Adjusted log‐binomial regression models examined the association between each clinical outcome and neighborhood disadvantage. Women in more disadvantaged neighborhoods were more likely to be non‐White and have lower annual incomes. At 6 weeks posttrauma, the prevalence of clinically significant pain, anxiety, and depressive symptoms more than doubled from baseline (41.7% vs. 18.8%, 62.4% vs. 23.9%, and 55.2% vs. 22.7%, respectively); 40.7% of women also reported PTSD symptoms. Black, Hispanic, and lower‐income participants were more likely to report pre‐ and postassault pain, anxiety, and depression. After adjusting for race, ethnicity, and income, no significant association existed between neighborhood disadvantage and any outcome, ps =.197 ‐.859. Although neighborhood disadvantage was not associated with posttrauma outcomes, these findings highlight the need for continued research in diverse populations at high risk of adverse physical and mental health symptoms following sexual assault. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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  Label:
  Group: Ab
  Data: <i>Copyright of Journal of Traumatic Stress is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract.</i> (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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        Value: 10.1002/jts.23056
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        Text: English
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        PageCount: 13
        StartPage: 877
    Subjects:
      – SubjectFull: Mental illness
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Poor communities
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Post-traumatic stress
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Sexual assault
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      – SubjectFull: Neighborhood characteristics
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      – SubjectFull: Post-traumatic stress disorder
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      – TitleFull: Impact of neighborhood disadvantage on posttrauma outcomes after sexual assault.
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              Text: Dec2024
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