Post-infectious central nervous system vasculitides in adults: an underdiagnosed and treatable disease: Part I. Overview.

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Title: Post-infectious central nervous system vasculitides in adults: an underdiagnosed and treatable disease: Part I. Overview.
Authors: Zedde, Marialuisa (AUTHOR), Quatrale, Rocco (AUTHOR), Andreone, Vincenzo (AUTHOR), Pezzella, Francesca Romana (AUTHOR), Micieli, Giuseppe (AUTHOR), Cortelli, Pietro (AUTHOR), Del Sette, Massimo (AUTHOR), Pascarella, Rosario (AUTHOR)
Source: Neurological Sciences. Feb2025, Vol. 46 Issue 2, p633-650. 18p.
Subjects: Hemorrhagic stroke, Post-infectious disorders, Central nervous system, Venous thrombosis, Ischemic stroke
Abstract: Introduction: The differential diagnosis of Primary Central Nervous System Angiitis (PACNS) is complex and includes several inflammatory and non-inflammatory conditions. Among the first ones, post-infectious CNS vasculitides represent a relevant topic and they are often underdiagnosed. Aims. The main aim of this review is to summarize the clinical and neuroimaging features of post-infectious vasculitides, highlighting the diagnostic clues and the need to carefully consider them in the differential diagnosis of PACNS. Findings: Several infectious agents (viruses, bacteria, fungi and parasites) can be involved in documented post-infectious vasculitides, often with a pathological confirmation. Post-infectious vasculitides involve not only immunocompromised hosts but also immunocompetent people and the diagnosis might be complicated by the lack of close time relationship between infections and neuro-logical symptoms, as in Varicella Zoster Virus (VZV) related vasculopathy in adults. Several complications may occur, ranging from ischemic to hemorrhagic stroke, from arterial to venous thrombosis, from large to small vessel involvement, often simultaneously. Conclusions: Post-infectious vasculitides are caused by a broad spectrum of microorganisms and they should be carefully considered in the differential diagnosis of some neurological pictures and neuroradiologicals findings in immunocompetent adults too. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Copyright of Neurological Sciences is the property of Springer Nature and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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  Data: Post-infectious central nervous system vasculitides in adults: an underdiagnosed and treatable disease: Part I. Overview.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Zedde%2C+Marialuisa%22">Zedde, Marialuisa</searchLink> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Quatrale%2C+Rocco%22">Quatrale, Rocco</searchLink> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Andreone%2C+Vincenzo%22">Andreone, Vincenzo</searchLink> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Pezzella%2C+Francesca+Romana%22">Pezzella, Francesca Romana</searchLink> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Micieli%2C+Giuseppe%22">Micieli, Giuseppe</searchLink> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Cortelli%2C+Pietro%22">Cortelli, Pietro</searchLink> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Del+Sette%2C+Massimo%22">Del Sette, Massimo</searchLink> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Pascarella%2C+Rosario%22">Pascarella, Rosario</searchLink> (AUTHOR)
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="JN" term="%22Neurological+Sciences%22">Neurological Sciences</searchLink>. Feb2025, Vol. 46 Issue 2, p633-650. 18p.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Hemorrhagic+stroke%22">Hemorrhagic stroke</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Post-infectious+disorders%22">Post-infectious disorders</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Central+nervous+system%22">Central nervous system</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Venous+thrombosis%22">Venous thrombosis</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Ischemic+stroke%22">Ischemic stroke</searchLink>
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  Data: Introduction: The differential diagnosis of Primary Central Nervous System Angiitis (PACNS) is complex and includes several inflammatory and non-inflammatory conditions. Among the first ones, post-infectious CNS vasculitides represent a relevant topic and they are often underdiagnosed. Aims. The main aim of this review is to summarize the clinical and neuroimaging features of post-infectious vasculitides, highlighting the diagnostic clues and the need to carefully consider them in the differential diagnosis of PACNS. Findings: Several infectious agents (viruses, bacteria, fungi and parasites) can be involved in documented post-infectious vasculitides, often with a pathological confirmation. Post-infectious vasculitides involve not only immunocompromised hosts but also immunocompetent people and the diagnosis might be complicated by the lack of close time relationship between infections and neuro-logical symptoms, as in Varicella Zoster Virus (VZV) related vasculopathy in adults. Several complications may occur, ranging from ischemic to hemorrhagic stroke, from arterial to venous thrombosis, from large to small vessel involvement, often simultaneously. Conclusions: Post-infectious vasculitides are caused by a broad spectrum of microorganisms and they should be carefully considered in the differential diagnosis of some neurological pictures and neuroradiologicals findings in immunocompetent adults too. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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  Data: <i>Copyright of Neurological Sciences is the property of Springer Nature and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract.</i> (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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              Text: Feb2025
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