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Racial/ethnic inequality in homelessness and drug overdose deaths in US States.

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Title: Racial/ethnic inequality in homelessness and drug overdose deaths in US States.
Authors: Cano, Manuel (AUTHOR), Zachmeyer, Morgan (AUTHOR), Salinas, Luis A. (AUTHOR), Ferguson, Kristin M. (AUTHOR)
Source: Social Psychiatry & Psychiatric Epidemiology. Jan2025, Vol. 60 Issue 1, p149-161. 13p.
Subjects: Homeless persons, City dwellers, Drug overdose, Medical statistics, Black people, Ethnicity
Abstract: Purpose: This study examined whether state-level racial disproportionality in homelessness is associated with racial disproportionality in overdose mortality. Methods: Counts of individuals experiencing homelessness (2015–2017; by state and racial/ethnic group) were obtained from the US Department of Housing and Urban Development; population estimates and counts of drug overdose deaths (2018–2021; by state and racial/ethnic group) were obtained from the National Center for Health Statistics. Homelessness and overdose mortality disproportionality scores were calculated to indicate the extent to which each racial group was over- or under- represented among those experiencing homelessness, or among overdose deaths, respectively (relative to each racial group's proportional share in the general population). For each racial group examined, ordinary least squares regression models with robust standard errors (SEs) examined associations between state-level disproportionality in homelessness and disproportionality in overdose mortality, adjusting for percent aged 18–64 and US Census Region, as well as disproportionality in educational attainment and unemployment. Results: State-level racial disproportionality in homelessness was significantly and positively associated with racial disproportionality in overdose mortality for Black (b = 0.16 [SE = 0.05]; p <.01), American Indian/Alaska Native (b = 0.71 [SE = 0.23]; p <.01), and Hispanic populations (b = 0.17 [SE = 0.05]; p <.01), in models adjusting for region and percent aged 18–64. The significant positive associations in these three populations persisted after adjusting for educational attainment disproportionality, yet the association was no longer significant in the Black population after adjusting for unemployment disproportionality. Conclusion: States with the highest levels of racial/ethnic minority overrepresentation in homelessness generally also had relatively higher levels of racial/ethnic minority overrepresentation in overdose deaths. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Copyright of Social Psychiatry & Psychiatric Epidemiology is the property of Springer Nature and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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  Data: Racial/ethnic inequality in homelessness and drug overdose deaths in US States.
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  Data: Purpose: This study examined whether state-level racial disproportionality in homelessness is associated with racial disproportionality in overdose mortality. Methods: Counts of individuals experiencing homelessness (2015–2017; by state and racial/ethnic group) were obtained from the US Department of Housing and Urban Development; population estimates and counts of drug overdose deaths (2018–2021; by state and racial/ethnic group) were obtained from the National Center for Health Statistics. Homelessness and overdose mortality disproportionality scores were calculated to indicate the extent to which each racial group was over- or under- represented among those experiencing homelessness, or among overdose deaths, respectively (relative to each racial group&#39;s proportional share in the general population). For each racial group examined, ordinary least squares regression models with robust standard errors (SEs) examined associations between state-level disproportionality in homelessness and disproportionality in overdose mortality, adjusting for percent aged 18–64 and US Census Region, as well as disproportionality in educational attainment and unemployment. Results: State-level racial disproportionality in homelessness was significantly and positively associated with racial disproportionality in overdose mortality for Black (b = 0.16 [SE = 0.05]; p &lt;.01), American Indian/Alaska Native (b = 0.71 [SE = 0.23]; p &lt;.01), and Hispanic populations (b = 0.17 [SE = 0.05]; p &lt;.01), in models adjusting for region and percent aged 18–64. The significant positive associations in these three populations persisted after adjusting for educational attainment disproportionality, yet the association was no longer significant in the Black population after adjusting for unemployment disproportionality. Conclusion: States with the highest levels of racial/ethnic minority overrepresentation in homelessness generally also had relatively higher levels of racial/ethnic minority overrepresentation in overdose deaths. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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  Data: &lt;i&gt;Copyright of Social Psychiatry &amp; Psychiatric Epidemiology is the property of Springer Nature and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder&#39;s express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract.&lt;/i&gt; (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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        Value: 10.1007/s00127-024-02667-5
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        Text: English
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        PageCount: 13
        StartPage: 149
    Subjects:
      – SubjectFull: Homeless persons
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: City dwellers
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Drug overdose
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      – SubjectFull: Medical statistics
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Black people
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      – SubjectFull: Ethnicity
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    Titles:
      – TitleFull: Racial/ethnic inequality in homelessness and drug overdose deaths in US States.
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            NameFull: Cano, Manuel
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              Text: Jan2025
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              Y: 2025
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