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'Dancing with emotions': An Interpretive Descriptive study of facilitators recognition and response to students' emotions during simulation.

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Title: 'Dancing with emotions': An Interpretive Descriptive study of facilitators recognition and response to students' emotions during simulation.
Authors: Behrens, Claudia C., Dolmans, Diana H., Driessen, Erik W., Gormley, Gerard J.
Source: Medical Education. Apr2025, Vol. 59 Issue 4, p439-448. 10p.
Subjects: Medical school faculty, Work, Medical education, Qualitative research, Interviewing, Questionnaires, Emotions, Judgment sampling, Simulation methods in education, Thematic analysis, College teacher attitudes, Research methodology, Academic achievement, Simulated patients, Psychology of medical students, Learning strategies, Teacher-student relationships, Grounded theory, Psychosocial factors, Experiential learning
Abstract: Introduction: Immersive simulations can evoke a range of emotions in students. However, little is known about how facilitators recognise and respond to students' emotions during simulations. This study aims to understand how simulation facilitators perceive and respond to students' emotions during simulation—in order to optimise learning. Methods: We conducted semi‐structured interviews with 10 simulation facilitators who had varying experiences in simulation‐based practice. We explored their experiences of students' emotions in simulations and reactions to these perceived emotional states. Applying an Interpretive Descriptive methodology, drawing upon control‐value theory, we iteratively and reflexively developed themes to address our research question. Based on a contrasting analysis, we used the concept of 'crafted stories' to represent our findings. Results: We identified three recurring issues and crafted these into stories: (1) facilitators that recognise emotions and adjust the complexity of the simulation in order to dampen intense negative emotions and 'preserve learning'; (2) those that recognise mainly negative emotions and argue that it is better to let them feel the 'heat' in order to prepare them for the realities of clinical practice; (3) those that recognise both negative and positive emotions but let the simulation run as planned for all learners and attend to emotional responses during debriefing. Conclusion: Simulation facilitators become aware of students' emotional responses through a range of cues. While some facilitators continually move and react to students' emotions, others intentionally hold back from attempting to alter students' emotional responses. Facilitators' beliefs about how to optimise learning mediate how they react to students' emotional states. Beliefs about learning are predominantly shaped by their experiences in both teaching and real‐world clinical practice. By understanding the delicate balancing act of students' emotional states and altering the complexity of a simulation, we have the opportunity to inform facilitator training in order to enhance learning. Behrens et al. document how facilitators vary when handling student emotions during simulation—some adjust, some let emotions run, others debrief after. They explore how beliefs about learning shape responses and what can be done to optimize learning. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Copyright of Medical Education is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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  Data: 'Dancing with emotions': An Interpretive Descriptive study of facilitators recognition and response to students' emotions during simulation.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="JN" term="%22Medical+Education%22">Medical Education</searchLink>. Apr2025, Vol. 59 Issue 4, p439-448. 10p.
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– Name: Abstract
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  Data: Introduction: Immersive simulations can evoke a range of emotions in students. However, little is known about how facilitators recognise and respond to students' emotions during simulations. This study aims to understand how simulation facilitators perceive and respond to students' emotions during simulation—in order to optimise learning. Methods: We conducted semi‐structured interviews with 10 simulation facilitators who had varying experiences in simulation‐based practice. We explored their experiences of students' emotions in simulations and reactions to these perceived emotional states. Applying an Interpretive Descriptive methodology, drawing upon control‐value theory, we iteratively and reflexively developed themes to address our research question. Based on a contrasting analysis, we used the concept of 'crafted stories' to represent our findings. Results: We identified three recurring issues and crafted these into stories: (1) facilitators that recognise emotions and adjust the complexity of the simulation in order to dampen intense negative emotions and 'preserve learning'; (2) those that recognise mainly negative emotions and argue that it is better to let them feel the 'heat' in order to prepare them for the realities of clinical practice; (3) those that recognise both negative and positive emotions but let the simulation run as planned for all learners and attend to emotional responses during debriefing. Conclusion: Simulation facilitators become aware of students' emotional responses through a range of cues. While some facilitators continually move and react to students' emotions, others intentionally hold back from attempting to alter students' emotional responses. Facilitators' beliefs about how to optimise learning mediate how they react to students' emotional states. Beliefs about learning are predominantly shaped by their experiences in both teaching and real‐world clinical practice. By understanding the delicate balancing act of students' emotional states and altering the complexity of a simulation, we have the opportunity to inform facilitator training in order to enhance learning. Behrens et al. document how facilitators vary when handling student emotions during simulation—some adjust, some let emotions run, others debrief after. They explore how beliefs about learning shape responses and what can be done to optimize learning. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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  Data: <i>Copyright of Medical Education is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract.</i> (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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RecordInfo BibRecord:
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    Identifiers:
      – Type: doi
        Value: 10.1111/medu.15554
    Languages:
      – Code: eng
        Text: English
    PhysicalDescription:
      Pagination:
        PageCount: 10
        StartPage: 439
    Subjects:
      – SubjectFull: Medical school faculty
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Work
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Medical education
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Qualitative research
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Interviewing
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Questionnaires
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Emotions
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Judgment sampling
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Simulation methods in education
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Thematic analysis
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: College teacher attitudes
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Research methodology
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Academic achievement
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      – SubjectFull: Simulated patients
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      – SubjectFull: Psychology of medical students
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      – SubjectFull: Learning strategies
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Teacher-student relationships
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Grounded theory
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Psychosocial factors
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Experiential learning
        Type: general
    Titles:
      – TitleFull: 'Dancing with emotions': An Interpretive Descriptive study of facilitators recognition and response to students' emotions during simulation.
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            NameFull: Behrens, Claudia C.
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              Text: Apr2025
              Type: published
              Y: 2025
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