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Hospital admissions in adolescents with mental disorders in Spain over the last two decades: a mental health crisis?

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Title: Hospital admissions in adolescents with mental disorders in Spain over the last two decades: a mental health crisis?
Authors: Soriano, Vicente, Ramos, José Manuel, López-Ibor, María Inés, Chiclana-Actis, Carlos, Faraco, Manuel, González-Cabrera, Joaquín, González-Fraile, Eduardo, Mestre-Bach, Gemma, Pinargote, Héctor, Corpas, Manuel, Gallego, Lucía, Corral, Octavio, Blasco-Fontecilla, Hilario
Source: European Child & Adolescent Psychiatry. Mar2025, Vol. 34 Issue 3, p1125-1134. 10p.
Subjects: Substance abuse, Post-traumatic stress disorder, Patients, Mental health services, Mental health, Research funding, Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder, Hospital care, Hospital admission & discharge, Mental illness, Sex distribution, Retrospective studies, Descriptive statistics, Multivariate analysis, Medical records, Acquisition of data, COVID-19 pandemic
Geographic Terms: Spain
Abstract: Mental disorders account for a large and increasing health burden worldwide. Characterizing the spectrum of mental disorders and trends over time in adolescents should influence education policies and support preventative strategies at schools. Retrospective study of all hospitalizations in Spain in adolescents 11–18-years old, including mental disorders as diagnosis using the Spanish National Registry of Hospital Discharges. Information was retrieved from 2000 to 2021. During the 22-year study period there were 2,015,589 hospitalizations in adolescents in Spain, of which 118,609 (5.9%) had mental disorders. The rate of psychiatric diagnoses significantly increased from 3.9% in 2000 to 9.5% in 2021. Females accounted for 55.1% of admissions. Mean age at admission declined from 17 to 15 years-old from 2000 to 2021. Mean hospital stay was 10.6 days. Mean in-hospital mortality was 0.24%. By rate order, diagnoses were: substance use disorders (SUD) (40%) > eating disorders (15%) > anxiety/posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) (13%) > attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) (9%) > major depression (8%) > schizophrenia/psychosis (6%) > autism spectrum disorder (ASD) (6%) > sleep disorder (3%) > suicidal behavior (2%) > sexual disorders (1%). A significant gender dichotomy was noticed, with female predominance for internalizing disorders (i.e., anxiety, depression, suicidal behavior and eating disorders) whereas externalizing disorders (i.e., SUD, ADHD, ASD, schizophrenia and other psychoses) predominated in males. Suicidal behavior and male sex were independent predictors of in-hospital death in multivariate analysis. After the first year of the COVID-19 pandemic, hospitalizations due to mental disorders in adolescents increased by 51% in 2021. There is a growing crisis of mental health among adolescents in Spain. Although the COVID-19 pandemic has unveiled the high rate and severity of psychiatric disorders among youth, a steadily increase has occurred since the beginning of the millennium. Primary preventative strategies should be adapted to distinct and more prevalent mental disorders in adolescents. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Copyright of European Child & Adolescent Psychiatry is the property of Springer Nature and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
Database: Psychology and Behavioral Sciences Collection
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  Data: Hospital admissions in adolescents with mental disorders in Spain over the last two decades: a mental health crisis?
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Soriano%2C+Vicente%22">Soriano, Vicente</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Ramos%2C+José+Manuel%22">Ramos, José Manuel</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22López-Ibor%2C+María+Inés%22">López-Ibor, María Inés</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Chiclana-Actis%2C+Carlos%22">Chiclana-Actis, Carlos</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Faraco%2C+Manuel%22">Faraco, Manuel</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22González-Cabrera%2C+Joaquín%22">González-Cabrera, Joaquín</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22González-Fraile%2C+Eduardo%22">González-Fraile, Eduardo</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Mestre-Bach%2C+Gemma%22">Mestre-Bach, Gemma</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Pinargote%2C+Héctor%22">Pinargote, Héctor</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Corpas%2C+Manuel%22">Corpas, Manuel</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Gallego%2C+Lucía%22">Gallego, Lucía</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Corral%2C+Octavio%22">Corral, Octavio</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Blasco-Fontecilla%2C+Hilario%22">Blasco-Fontecilla, Hilario</searchLink>
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="JN" term="%22European+Child+%26+Adolescent+Psychiatry%22">European Child & Adolescent Psychiatry</searchLink>. Mar2025, Vol. 34 Issue 3, p1125-1134. 10p.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Substance+abuse%22">Substance abuse</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Post-traumatic+stress+disorder%22">Post-traumatic stress disorder</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Patients%22">Patients</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Mental+health+services%22">Mental health services</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Mental+health%22">Mental health</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Research+funding%22">Research funding</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Attention-deficit+hyperactivity+disorder%22">Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Hospital+care%22">Hospital care</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Hospital+admission+%26+discharge%22">Hospital admission & discharge</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Mental+illness%22">Mental illness</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Sex+distribution%22">Sex distribution</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Retrospective+studies%22">Retrospective studies</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Descriptive+statistics%22">Descriptive statistics</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Multivariate+analysis%22">Multivariate analysis</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Medical+records%22">Medical records</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Acquisition+of+data%22">Acquisition of data</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22COVID-19+pandemic%22">COVID-19 pandemic</searchLink>
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Spain%22">Spain</searchLink>
– Name: Abstract
  Label: Abstract
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  Data: Mental disorders account for a large and increasing health burden worldwide. Characterizing the spectrum of mental disorders and trends over time in adolescents should influence education policies and support preventative strategies at schools. Retrospective study of all hospitalizations in Spain in adolescents 11–18-years old, including mental disorders as diagnosis using the Spanish National Registry of Hospital Discharges. Information was retrieved from 2000 to 2021. During the 22-year study period there were 2,015,589 hospitalizations in adolescents in Spain, of which 118,609 (5.9%) had mental disorders. The rate of psychiatric diagnoses significantly increased from 3.9% in 2000 to 9.5% in 2021. Females accounted for 55.1% of admissions. Mean age at admission declined from 17 to 15 years-old from 2000 to 2021. Mean hospital stay was 10.6 days. Mean in-hospital mortality was 0.24%. By rate order, diagnoses were: substance use disorders (SUD) (40%) > eating disorders (15%) > anxiety/posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) (13%) > attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) (9%) > major depression (8%) > schizophrenia/psychosis (6%) > autism spectrum disorder (ASD) (6%) > sleep disorder (3%) > suicidal behavior (2%) > sexual disorders (1%). A significant gender dichotomy was noticed, with female predominance for internalizing disorders (i.e., anxiety, depression, suicidal behavior and eating disorders) whereas externalizing disorders (i.e., SUD, ADHD, ASD, schizophrenia and other psychoses) predominated in males. Suicidal behavior and male sex were independent predictors of in-hospital death in multivariate analysis. After the first year of the COVID-19 pandemic, hospitalizations due to mental disorders in adolescents increased by 51% in 2021. There is a growing crisis of mental health among adolescents in Spain. Although the COVID-19 pandemic has unveiled the high rate and severity of psychiatric disorders among youth, a steadily increase has occurred since the beginning of the millennium. Primary preventative strategies should be adapted to distinct and more prevalent mental disorders in adolescents. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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  Data: <i>Copyright of European Child & Adolescent Psychiatry is the property of Springer Nature and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract.</i> (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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        Value: 10.1007/s00787-024-02543-2
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