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Exercise therapy can effectively improve trunk performance and sitting balance in spinal cord injury: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

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Title: Exercise therapy can effectively improve trunk performance and sitting balance in spinal cord injury: a systematic review and meta-analysis.
Authors: Okawara, Hiroki (AUTHOR), Sawada, Tomonori (AUTHOR), Onuki, Saki (AUTHOR), Sugai, Keiko (AUTHOR), Okubo, Toshiki (AUTHOR), Ozaki, Masahiro (AUTHOR), Tsuji, Osahiko (AUTHOR), Nagoshi, Narihito (AUTHOR), Sato, Yasunori (AUTHOR), Nakamura, Masaya (AUTHOR)
Source: Neurological Sciences. Apr2025, Vol. 46 Issue 4, p1581-1597. 17p.
Subjects: Exercise physiology, Spinal cord injuries, Randomized controlled trials, Crossover trials, Exercise therapy
Abstract: Objective: To determine the effects of exercise on trunk performance and balance in patients with spinal cord injury (SCI). Methods: We searched the databases MEDLINE, Cochrane Library, EMBASE, Physiotherapy Evidence Database, Web of Science, PsycINFO, and CINAHL from inception to June 2020. Our search targeted studies such as randomized or non-randomized controlled trials and randomized crossover trials that evaluated the effects of exercise on trunk performance and balance in patients with SCI. Results: Seventeen eligible studies with 432 patients with SCI were included in the meta-analysis. The exercise significantly improved several measures: Berg Balance Scale (mean differences [MD] = 4.58; 95% confidence intervals [CI], 0.35, 8.8; p = 0.03), Modified Functional Reach Test (MD = 5.29; 95% CI, 4.16, 6.42; p < 0.01), T-shirt test (MD = 5.62; 95% CI, − 3.82, − 7.42; p < 0.01), Timed Up and Go (MD = − 1.70; 95% CI, − 0.23, − 3.16; p = 0.02). Improvements were also noted in total static sitting balance (standardized mean differences [SMD] = 1.21; 95% CI, 0.79, 1.63; p < 0.01), and total dynamic sitting balance (SMD = 1.01; 95% CI, 0.30, 1.73; p < 0.01). In the subgroup analysis, exercise with sensory input enhancement significantly improved total static (SMD = 1.37; 95% CI, 0.64, 2.11; p < 0.01) and total dynamic sitting balance (SMD = 1.78; 95% CI, 0.28, 3.29; p = 0.02). Conclusions: Exercise may improve sitting balance in patients with SCI. Moreover, enhancement of sensory input had an add-on effect in improving sitting balance. Registration: PROSPERO (CRD42020185904). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Copyright of Neurological Sciences is the property of Springer Nature and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
Database: Psychology and Behavioral Sciences Collection
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  Data: Exercise therapy can effectively improve trunk performance and sitting balance in spinal cord injury: a systematic review and meta-analysis.
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  Data: &lt;searchLink fieldCode=&quot;JN&quot; term=&quot;%22Neurological+Sciences%22&quot;&gt;Neurological Sciences&lt;/searchLink&gt;. Apr2025, Vol. 46 Issue 4, p1581-1597. 17p.
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  Data: Objective: To determine the effects of exercise on trunk performance and balance in patients with spinal cord injury (SCI). Methods: We searched the databases MEDLINE, Cochrane Library, EMBASE, Physiotherapy Evidence Database, Web of Science, PsycINFO, and CINAHL from inception to June 2020. Our search targeted studies such as randomized or non-randomized controlled trials and randomized crossover trials that evaluated the effects of exercise on trunk performance and balance in patients with SCI. Results: Seventeen eligible studies with 432 patients with SCI were included in the meta-analysis. The exercise significantly improved several measures: Berg Balance Scale (mean differences [MD] = 4.58; 95% confidence intervals [CI], 0.35, 8.8; p = 0.03), Modified Functional Reach Test (MD = 5.29; 95% CI, 4.16, 6.42; p &lt; 0.01), T-shirt test (MD = 5.62; 95% CI, − 3.82, − 7.42; p &lt; 0.01), Timed Up and Go (MD = − 1.70; 95% CI, − 0.23, − 3.16; p = 0.02). Improvements were also noted in total static sitting balance (standardized mean differences [SMD] = 1.21; 95% CI, 0.79, 1.63; p &lt; 0.01), and total dynamic sitting balance (SMD = 1.01; 95% CI, 0.30, 1.73; p &lt; 0.01). In the subgroup analysis, exercise with sensory input enhancement significantly improved total static (SMD = 1.37; 95% CI, 0.64, 2.11; p &lt; 0.01) and total dynamic sitting balance (SMD = 1.78; 95% CI, 0.28, 3.29; p = 0.02). Conclusions: Exercise may improve sitting balance in patients with SCI. Moreover, enhancement of sensory input had an add-on effect in improving sitting balance. Registration: PROSPERO (CRD42020185904). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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  Data: &lt;i&gt;Copyright of Neurological Sciences is the property of Springer Nature and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder&#39;s express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract.&lt;/i&gt; (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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