The role of momentary emotions in promoting error learning orientation among lower secondary school students: An intervention study embedded in a short visual programming course.

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Title: The role of momentary emotions in promoting error learning orientation among lower secondary school students: An intervention study embedded in a short visual programming course.
Authors: Schmid, Rahel, Smit, Robbert, Robin, Nicolas, Strahl, Alexander
Source: British Journal of Educational Psychology. Mar2025, Vol. 95 Issue 1, p107-123. 17p.
Subjects: School environment, Pleasure, Research funding, Psychology of high school students, Questionnaires, Educational outcomes, Positive psychology, Emotions, Descriptive statistics, Chi-squared test, Quantitative research, Control groups, Pre-tests & post-tests, School orientation, Medical coding, Research methodology, Adult education workshops, Online education, Intraclass correlation, Learning strategies, Student attitudes, Factor analysis, Comparative studies
Abstract: Background: Students make many errors in visual programming. In order to learn from these, it is important that students regulate their emotions and view errors as learning opportunities. Aims: This study aimed to explore to what extent momentary emotions, specifically enjoyment, anxiety and boredom, as well as the error learning orientation of students, interacted during a 1‐day course on visual programming in an out‐of‐school learning environment. Samples: The sample consisted of 269 lower secondary school students (grades 7–9). Methods: The data were collected in an intervention study, with questionnaires applied directly before and after the course, and with four measurements of state emotions during the course. Results: The results showed that error learning orientation had an expected effect on the students' emotions at the beginning of the course. The emotions changed positively over the course of the workshop, while the error learning orientation remained stable. No differences in error learning orientation were found between the control and intervention groups. An expected, reciprocal effect of students' emotions on their error learning orientation at the end of the course day could not be found. Conclusion: Changes in error learning orientation are difficult to achieve during 1‐day courses. Nevertheless, through targeted, pedagogical approaches, which aim to minimize the influence of unfavourable emotions that occur in problem‐oriented learning situations, teachers could help students develop a positive error learning orientation in the long term, whereby errors are viewed as an opportunity for learning. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Copyright of British Journal of Educational Psychology is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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  Data: The role of momentary emotions in promoting error learning orientation among lower secondary school students: An intervention study embedded in a short visual programming course.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Schmid%2C+Rahel%22">Schmid, Rahel</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Smit%2C+Robbert%22">Smit, Robbert</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Robin%2C+Nicolas%22">Robin, Nicolas</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Strahl%2C+Alexander%22">Strahl, Alexander</searchLink>
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="JN" term="%22British+Journal+of+Educational+Psychology%22">British Journal of Educational Psychology</searchLink>. Mar2025, Vol. 95 Issue 1, p107-123. 17p.
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– Name: Abstract
  Label: Abstract
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  Data: Background: Students make many errors in visual programming. In order to learn from these, it is important that students regulate their emotions and view errors as learning opportunities. Aims: This study aimed to explore to what extent momentary emotions, specifically enjoyment, anxiety and boredom, as well as the error learning orientation of students, interacted during a 1‐day course on visual programming in an out‐of‐school learning environment. Samples: The sample consisted of 269 lower secondary school students (grades 7–9). Methods: The data were collected in an intervention study, with questionnaires applied directly before and after the course, and with four measurements of state emotions during the course. Results: The results showed that error learning orientation had an expected effect on the students' emotions at the beginning of the course. The emotions changed positively over the course of the workshop, while the error learning orientation remained stable. No differences in error learning orientation were found between the control and intervention groups. An expected, reciprocal effect of students' emotions on their error learning orientation at the end of the course day could not be found. Conclusion: Changes in error learning orientation are difficult to achieve during 1‐day courses. Nevertheless, through targeted, pedagogical approaches, which aim to minimize the influence of unfavourable emotions that occur in problem‐oriented learning situations, teachers could help students develop a positive error learning orientation in the long term, whereby errors are viewed as an opportunity for learning. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
– Name: AbstractSuppliedCopyright
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  Data: <i>Copyright of British Journal of Educational Psychology is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract.</i> (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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RecordInfo BibRecord:
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    Identifiers:
      – Type: doi
        Value: 10.1111/bjep.12681
    Languages:
      – Code: eng
        Text: English
    PhysicalDescription:
      Pagination:
        PageCount: 17
        StartPage: 107
    Subjects:
      – SubjectFull: School environment
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Pleasure
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Research funding
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Psychology of high school students
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Questionnaires
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Educational outcomes
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Positive psychology
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Emotions
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Descriptive statistics
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Chi-squared test
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Quantitative research
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Control groups
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Pre-tests & post-tests
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: School orientation
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Medical coding
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Research methodology
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Adult education workshops
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Online education
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Intraclass correlation
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Learning strategies
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Student attitudes
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Factor analysis
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Comparative studies
        Type: general
    Titles:
      – TitleFull: The role of momentary emotions in promoting error learning orientation among lower secondary school students: An intervention study embedded in a short visual programming course.
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            NameFull: Schmid, Rahel
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            NameFull: Smit, Robbert
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            NameFull: Robin, Nicolas
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            – D: 01
              M: 03
              Text: Mar2025
              Type: published
              Y: 2025
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