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Enumeration 2024: What We Know and What We Wish We Knew About the Governmental Public Health Workforce in a COVID-19 Recovery Landscape.

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Title: Enumeration 2024: What We Know and What We Wish We Knew About the Governmental Public Health Workforce in a COVID-19 Recovery Landscape.
Authors: Leider, Jonathon P., Balio, Casey P., Hogg-Graham, Rachel, Weiss, Nicole M., Vogel, Abby, Onal, Sezen O., Zang, Xiao, Kett, Paula, Edmonds, Joyce, Karnik, Harshada, Dockery, Nathan, Joseph, Bibin, Pak, Morgan, Thomas, Amy Belflower, Bekemeier, Betty
Source: American Journal of Public Health. May2025, Vol. 115 Issue 5, p707-715. 9p.
Subjects: Nurses, Research funding, Occupational roles, Descriptive statistics, Public health, Labor supply, COVID-19 pandemic
Abstract: Objectives. To expand on previous enumerations by assessing the size and composition of the governmental public health workforce in the wake of the COVID-19 pandemic, identifying workforce trends, occupational distributions, and potential gaps in staffing. Methods. From 2023 to 2024, using 2022 data in the United States, we conducted 3 distinct analyses: (1) estimating the total workforce size, (2) profiling occupation-specific distributions, and (3) evaluating the role and prevalence of public health nurses using novel data sources. For total counts, we used multiple imputation by chained equations to develop robust agency-level estimates and address missingness from multiple data sets. Results. State and local public health agencies grew to approximately 239 000 staff in 2022, up from an estimated 206 500 in 2019. The largest occupation groups included office and administrative support workers (37 576) and public health or community health nurses (29 387). We found that 73 478 (1.8%) of registered nurses nationwide served in governmental public health roles. Conclusions. The size of the workforce during the COVID-19 response has returned to 2008 levels although temporary staff largely constitute the increase. Public Health Implications. An undersized workforce leaves the United States vulnerable to future disasters and current challenges. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Copyright of American Journal of Public Health is the property of American Public Health Association and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
Database: Psychology and Behavioral Sciences Collection
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  Data: Enumeration 2024: What We Know and What We Wish We Knew About the Governmental Public Health Workforce in a COVID-19 Recovery Landscape.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Leider%2C+Jonathon+P%2E%22">Leider, Jonathon P.</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Balio%2C+Casey+P%2E%22">Balio, Casey P.</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Hogg-Graham%2C+Rachel%22">Hogg-Graham, Rachel</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Weiss%2C+Nicole+M%2E%22">Weiss, Nicole M.</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Vogel%2C+Abby%22">Vogel, Abby</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Onal%2C+Sezen+O%2E%22">Onal, Sezen O.</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Zang%2C+Xiao%22">Zang, Xiao</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Kett%2C+Paula%22">Kett, Paula</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Edmonds%2C+Joyce%22">Edmonds, Joyce</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Karnik%2C+Harshada%22">Karnik, Harshada</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Dockery%2C+Nathan%22">Dockery, Nathan</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Joseph%2C+Bibin%22">Joseph, Bibin</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Pak%2C+Morgan%22">Pak, Morgan</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Thomas%2C+Amy+Belflower%22">Thomas, Amy Belflower</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Bekemeier%2C+Betty%22">Bekemeier, Betty</searchLink>
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="JN" term="%22American+Journal+of+Public+Health%22">American Journal of Public Health</searchLink>. May2025, Vol. 115 Issue 5, p707-715. 9p.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Nurses%22">Nurses</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Research+funding%22">Research funding</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Occupational+roles%22">Occupational roles</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Descriptive+statistics%22">Descriptive statistics</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Public+health%22">Public health</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Labor+supply%22">Labor supply</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22COVID-19+pandemic%22">COVID-19 pandemic</searchLink>
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  Data: Objectives. To expand on previous enumerations by assessing the size and composition of the governmental public health workforce in the wake of the COVID-19 pandemic, identifying workforce trends, occupational distributions, and potential gaps in staffing. Methods. From 2023 to 2024, using 2022 data in the United States, we conducted 3 distinct analyses: (1) estimating the total workforce size, (2) profiling occupation-specific distributions, and (3) evaluating the role and prevalence of public health nurses using novel data sources. For total counts, we used multiple imputation by chained equations to develop robust agency-level estimates and address missingness from multiple data sets. Results. State and local public health agencies grew to approximately 239 000 staff in 2022, up from an estimated 206 500 in 2019. The largest occupation groups included office and administrative support workers (37 576) and public health or community health nurses (29 387). We found that 73 478 (1.8%) of registered nurses nationwide served in governmental public health roles. Conclusions. The size of the workforce during the COVID-19 response has returned to 2008 levels although temporary staff largely constitute the increase. Public Health Implications. An undersized workforce leaves the United States vulnerable to future disasters and current challenges. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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  Data: <i>Copyright of American Journal of Public Health is the property of American Public Health Association and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract.</i> (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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        Value: 10.2105/AJPH.2024.307960
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      – Code: eng
        Text: English
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        PageCount: 9
        StartPage: 707
    Subjects:
      – SubjectFull: Nurses
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Research funding
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Occupational roles
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Descriptive statistics
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Public health
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Labor supply
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: COVID-19 pandemic
        Type: general
    Titles:
      – TitleFull: Enumeration 2024: What We Know and What We Wish We Knew About the Governmental Public Health Workforce in a COVID-19 Recovery Landscape.
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              Text: May2025
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