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Substance use and psychiatric phenotypes of youth experiencing homelessness: A cluster analysis.

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Title: Substance use and psychiatric phenotypes of youth experiencing homelessness: A cluster analysis.
Authors: Burke, Colin W. (AUTHOR), Lanni, Sylvia (AUTHOR), Hoeppner, Bettina B. (AUTHOR), Ducharme, Peter (AUTHOR), Wilens, Timothy E. (AUTHOR)
Source: American Journal on Addictions. May2025, Vol. 34 Issue 3, p305-312. 8p.
Subjects: Homeless youth, Comorbidity, Substance abuse, Transition to adulthood, Cluster analysis (Statistics), At-risk behavior, Classification of mental disorders, Suicidal ideation
Abstract: Background and Objectives: Due to the complex interactions of psychopathology, psychosocial stressors, and risk behaviors, characterizing high‐risk phenotypic groups of transitional‐age youth experiencing homelessness (TAY‐EH) for targeted interventions remains difficult. We aimed to uncover specific phenotypes of TAY‐EH based upon psychiatric and substance use disorder (SUD) diagnoses, and to assess relationships between these phenotypes and negative outcomes including suicidality and high‐risk behaviors. Methods: Participants (N = 140; 57% male, 54% Black) were individuals aged 16–25 years accessing support at a psychosocial agency in the U.S. Northeast. Data were gathered via structured assessment. Cluster analysis identified sub‐groups of TAY‐EH with differing diagnostic patterns. Bivariate analyses examined associations between cluster membership and target outcomes. Results: A four‐cluster solution was identified. Cluster 1 (Co‐occurring; N = 33) was characterized by high levels of comorbidity (i.e., major depressive disorder (MDD), SUD, and notable levels of other diagnoses). Clusters 2 (MDD alone; N = 47) and 3 (SUD alone; N = 18) were characterized by single diagnoses. Cluster 4 (None; N = 42) was characterized by low levels of psychopathology. Clusters differed significantly on several variables including suicidality, adverse childhood experiences, and social connectedness. Comorbid MDD and SUD were most strongly associated with high‐risk behaviors and suicidality. Discussion and Conclusions: These results highlight the importance of diagnosis and targeted interventions for co‐occurring MDD and SUD to address the crisis of early mortality and other negative outcomes among TAY‐EH. Scientific Significance: This study is the first to identify specific high‐risk psychiatric and psychosocial phenotypes among the highly complex group of TAY‐EH based upon structured diagnostic assessments. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Copyright of American Journal on Addictions is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
Database: Psychology and Behavioral Sciences Collection
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  Data: Substance use and psychiatric phenotypes of youth experiencing homelessness: A cluster analysis.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Burke%2C+Colin+W%2E%22">Burke, Colin W.</searchLink> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Lanni%2C+Sylvia%22">Lanni, Sylvia</searchLink> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Hoeppner%2C+Bettina+B%2E%22">Hoeppner, Bettina B.</searchLink> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Ducharme%2C+Peter%22">Ducharme, Peter</searchLink> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Wilens%2C+Timothy+E%2E%22">Wilens, Timothy E.</searchLink> (AUTHOR)
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="JN" term="%22American+Journal+on+Addictions%22">American Journal on Addictions</searchLink>. May2025, Vol. 34 Issue 3, p305-312. 8p.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Homeless+youth%22">Homeless youth</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Comorbidity%22">Comorbidity</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Substance+abuse%22">Substance abuse</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Transition+to+adulthood%22">Transition to adulthood</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Cluster+analysis+%28Statistics%29%22">Cluster analysis (Statistics)</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22At-risk+behavior%22">At-risk behavior</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Classification+of+mental+disorders%22">Classification of mental disorders</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Suicidal+ideation%22">Suicidal ideation</searchLink>
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  Group: Ab
  Data: Background and Objectives: Due to the complex interactions of psychopathology, psychosocial stressors, and risk behaviors, characterizing high‐risk phenotypic groups of transitional‐age youth experiencing homelessness (TAY‐EH) for targeted interventions remains difficult. We aimed to uncover specific phenotypes of TAY‐EH based upon psychiatric and substance use disorder (SUD) diagnoses, and to assess relationships between these phenotypes and negative outcomes including suicidality and high‐risk behaviors. Methods: Participants (N = 140; 57% male, 54% Black) were individuals aged 16–25 years accessing support at a psychosocial agency in the U.S. Northeast. Data were gathered via structured assessment. Cluster analysis identified sub‐groups of TAY‐EH with differing diagnostic patterns. Bivariate analyses examined associations between cluster membership and target outcomes. Results: A four‐cluster solution was identified. Cluster 1 (Co‐occurring; N = 33) was characterized by high levels of comorbidity (i.e., major depressive disorder (MDD), SUD, and notable levels of other diagnoses). Clusters 2 (MDD alone; N = 47) and 3 (SUD alone; N = 18) were characterized by single diagnoses. Cluster 4 (None; N = 42) was characterized by low levels of psychopathology. Clusters differed significantly on several variables including suicidality, adverse childhood experiences, and social connectedness. Comorbid MDD and SUD were most strongly associated with high‐risk behaviors and suicidality. Discussion and Conclusions: These results highlight the importance of diagnosis and targeted interventions for co‐occurring MDD and SUD to address the crisis of early mortality and other negative outcomes among TAY‐EH. Scientific Significance: This study is the first to identify specific high‐risk psychiatric and psychosocial phenotypes among the highly complex group of TAY‐EH based upon structured diagnostic assessments. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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  Label:
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  Data: <i>Copyright of American Journal on Addictions is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract.</i> (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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        Value: 10.1111/ajad.13655
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        Text: English
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        PageCount: 8
        StartPage: 305
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      – SubjectFull: Homeless youth
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Comorbidity
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Substance abuse
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      – SubjectFull: Transition to adulthood
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      – SubjectFull: Cluster analysis (Statistics)
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      – SubjectFull: At-risk behavior
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      – SubjectFull: Classification of mental disorders
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      – SubjectFull: Suicidal ideation
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      – TitleFull: Substance use and psychiatric phenotypes of youth experiencing homelessness: A cluster analysis.
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              M: 05
              Text: May2025
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              Y: 2025
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