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Electroacupuncture attenuates middle cerebral artery occlusion-induced learning and memory impairment by regulating microglial polarization in hippocampus.

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Title: Electroacupuncture attenuates middle cerebral artery occlusion-induced learning and memory impairment by regulating microglial polarization in hippocampus.
Authors: Wen, Qiong (AUTHOR), Zha, Fubing (AUTHOR), Shan, Linlin (AUTHOR), Zhang, Shaohua (AUTHOR), Xiao, Peng (AUTHOR), Zhang, Chunxia (AUTHOR), Yu, Haibo (AUTHOR), Wang, Yulong (AUTHOR)
Source: International Journal of Neuroscience. Jun2025, Vol. 135 Issue 6, p626-638. 13p.
Subjects: Learning ability testing, Mitogen-activated protein kinases, Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, Ischemic stroke, Memory disorders
Abstract: Background: As a traditional medical therapy, electroacupuncture (EA) has been demonstrated to have beneficial effects on ischemic stroke-induced cognitive impairment. However, the underlying mechanism is largely unclear. Methods: Adult rats received occlusion of the middle cerebral artery and reperfusion (MCAO/R) to establish the ischemic stroke model. Morris water maze test was performed following EA stimulation at the GV20, PC6, and KI1 acupoints in rats to test the learning and memory ability. Western blot, immunofluorescent staining, and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay were conducted to assess the cellular and molecular mechanisms. Results: EA stimulation attenuated neurological deficits. In the Morris water maze test, EA treatment ameliorated the MCAO/R-induced learning and memory impairment. Moreover, we observed that MCAO/R induced microglial activation and polarization in the ischemic hippocampus, whereas, EA treatment dampened microglial activation and inhibited M1 microglial polarization but enhanced M2 microglial polarization. EA treatment inhibited the increased expression of proinflammatory cytokines and enhanced the increased expression of anti-inflammatory cytokines. Finally, we found that EA treatment dampened microglial p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) phosphorylation. Conclusion: Collectively, our data suggested that EA treatment ameliorated cognitive impairment induced by MCAO/R and the underlying mechanism may be p38-mediated microglia polarization and neuroinflammation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Copyright of International Journal of Neuroscience is the property of Taylor & Francis Ltd and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
Database: Psychology and Behavioral Sciences Collection
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  Label: Title
  Group: Ti
  Data: Electroacupuncture attenuates middle cerebral artery occlusion-induced learning and memory impairment by regulating microglial polarization in hippocampus.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Wen%2C+Qiong%22">Wen, Qiong</searchLink> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Zha%2C+Fubing%22">Zha, Fubing</searchLink> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Shan%2C+Linlin%22">Shan, Linlin</searchLink> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Zhang%2C+Shaohua%22">Zhang, Shaohua</searchLink> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Xiao%2C+Peng%22">Xiao, Peng</searchLink> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Zhang%2C+Chunxia%22">Zhang, Chunxia</searchLink> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Yu%2C+Haibo%22">Yu, Haibo</searchLink> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Wang%2C+Yulong%22">Wang, Yulong</searchLink> (AUTHOR)
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="JN" term="%22International+Journal+of+Neuroscience%22">International Journal of Neuroscience</searchLink>. Jun2025, Vol. 135 Issue 6, p626-638. 13p.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Learning+ability+testing%22">Learning ability testing</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Mitogen-activated+protein+kinases%22">Mitogen-activated protein kinases</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Enzyme-linked+immunosorbent+assay%22">Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Ischemic+stroke%22">Ischemic stroke</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Memory+disorders%22">Memory disorders</searchLink>
– Name: Abstract
  Label: Abstract
  Group: Ab
  Data: Background: As a traditional medical therapy, electroacupuncture (EA) has been demonstrated to have beneficial effects on ischemic stroke-induced cognitive impairment. However, the underlying mechanism is largely unclear. Methods: Adult rats received occlusion of the middle cerebral artery and reperfusion (MCAO/R) to establish the ischemic stroke model. Morris water maze test was performed following EA stimulation at the GV20, PC6, and KI1 acupoints in rats to test the learning and memory ability. Western blot, immunofluorescent staining, and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay were conducted to assess the cellular and molecular mechanisms. Results: EA stimulation attenuated neurological deficits. In the Morris water maze test, EA treatment ameliorated the MCAO/R-induced learning and memory impairment. Moreover, we observed that MCAO/R induced microglial activation and polarization in the ischemic hippocampus, whereas, EA treatment dampened microglial activation and inhibited M1 microglial polarization but enhanced M2 microglial polarization. EA treatment inhibited the increased expression of proinflammatory cytokines and enhanced the increased expression of anti-inflammatory cytokines. Finally, we found that EA treatment dampened microglial p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) phosphorylation. Conclusion: Collectively, our data suggested that EA treatment ameliorated cognitive impairment induced by MCAO/R and the underlying mechanism may be p38-mediated microglia polarization and neuroinflammation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
– Name: AbstractSuppliedCopyright
  Label:
  Group: Ab
  Data: <i>Copyright of International Journal of Neuroscience is the property of Taylor & Francis Ltd and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract.</i> (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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        Value: 10.1080/00207454.2024.2313664
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        Text: English
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      – SubjectFull: Mitogen-activated protein kinases
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      – SubjectFull: Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay
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      – TitleFull: Electroacupuncture attenuates middle cerebral artery occlusion-induced learning and memory impairment by regulating microglial polarization in hippocampus.
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            NameFull: Wen, Qiong
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              Text: Jun2025
              Type: published
              Y: 2025
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