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Ketamine and its enantiomers for depression: a bibliometric analysis from 2000 to 2023.

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Title: Ketamine and its enantiomers for depression: a bibliometric analysis from 2000 to 2023.
Authors: Zhao, Li-yuan (AUTHOR), Zhang, Guang-fen (AUTHOR), Lou, Xue-jie (AUTHOR), Hashimoto, Kenji (AUTHOR), Yang, Jian-jun (AUTHOR)
Source: European Archives of Psychiatry & Clinical Neuroscience. Aug2025, Vol. 275 Issue 5, p1301-1316. 16p.
Subjects: Ketamine, Enantiomers, Trend analysis, Antidepressants, Bibliometrics, Pharmacology, Treatment effectiveness, Mental depression
Abstract: Ketamine has demonstrated rapid and sustained antidepressant effects, marking its emergence as an innovative treatment of depression. Despite the growing number of preclinical and clinical studies exploring the antidepressant effects of ketamine and its enantiomers, a comprehensive bibliometric analysis in this field has yet to be conducted. This study employs bibliometric methods and visualization tools to examine the literature and identify key topics related to the antidepressant effects of ketamine and its enantiomers. We sourced publications on the antidepressant effects of ketamine and its enantiomers from the Web of Science Core Collection (WOSCC) database, covering the period from 2000 to 2023. Tools such as VOSviewer, CiteSpace and the R package "bibliometrix" were utilized for visual analysis. The study included 4,274 publications, with a notable increase in publications peaking in 2022. Co-occurrence analysis highlighted two primary research focal points: the efficacy and safety of ketamine and its enantiomers in treating depression, and the mechanisms behind their antidepressant effects. In conclusion, this analysis revealed a significant increase in research on the antidepressant effects of ketamine and its enantiomers over the past two decades, leading to the approval of esketamine nasal spray for treatment-resistant depression. The rapid antidepressant effects of ketamine have spurred further studies into its mechanisms of action and the search for new antidepressants with fewer side effects. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Copyright of European Archives of Psychiatry & Clinical Neuroscience is the property of Springer Nature and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
Database: Psychology and Behavioral Sciences Collection
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  Data: Ketamine and its enantiomers for depression: a bibliometric analysis from 2000 to 2023.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Zhao%2C+Li-yuan%22">Zhao, Li-yuan</searchLink> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Zhang%2C+Guang-fen%22">Zhang, Guang-fen</searchLink> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Lou%2C+Xue-jie%22">Lou, Xue-jie</searchLink> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Hashimoto%2C+Kenji%22">Hashimoto, Kenji</searchLink> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Yang%2C+Jian-jun%22">Yang, Jian-jun</searchLink> (AUTHOR)
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="JN" term="%22European+Archives+of+Psychiatry+%26+Clinical+Neuroscience%22">European Archives of Psychiatry & Clinical Neuroscience</searchLink>. Aug2025, Vol. 275 Issue 5, p1301-1316. 16p.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Ketamine%22">Ketamine</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Enantiomers%22">Enantiomers</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Trend+analysis%22">Trend analysis</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Antidepressants%22">Antidepressants</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Bibliometrics%22">Bibliometrics</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Pharmacology%22">Pharmacology</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Treatment+effectiveness%22">Treatment effectiveness</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Mental+depression%22">Mental depression</searchLink>
– Name: Abstract
  Label: Abstract
  Group: Ab
  Data: Ketamine has demonstrated rapid and sustained antidepressant effects, marking its emergence as an innovative treatment of depression. Despite the growing number of preclinical and clinical studies exploring the antidepressant effects of ketamine and its enantiomers, a comprehensive bibliometric analysis in this field has yet to be conducted. This study employs bibliometric methods and visualization tools to examine the literature and identify key topics related to the antidepressant effects of ketamine and its enantiomers. We sourced publications on the antidepressant effects of ketamine and its enantiomers from the Web of Science Core Collection (WOSCC) database, covering the period from 2000 to 2023. Tools such as VOSviewer, CiteSpace and the R package "bibliometrix" were utilized for visual analysis. The study included 4,274 publications, with a notable increase in publications peaking in 2022. Co-occurrence analysis highlighted two primary research focal points: the efficacy and safety of ketamine and its enantiomers in treating depression, and the mechanisms behind their antidepressant effects. In conclusion, this analysis revealed a significant increase in research on the antidepressant effects of ketamine and its enantiomers over the past two decades, leading to the approval of esketamine nasal spray for treatment-resistant depression. The rapid antidepressant effects of ketamine have spurred further studies into its mechanisms of action and the search for new antidepressants with fewer side effects. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
– Name: AbstractSuppliedCopyright
  Label:
  Group: Ab
  Data: <i>Copyright of European Archives of Psychiatry & Clinical Neuroscience is the property of Springer Nature and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract.</i> (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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        Value: 10.1007/s00406-024-01809-9
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        Text: English
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        Type: general
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      – SubjectFull: Trend analysis
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      – SubjectFull: Pharmacology
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      – SubjectFull: Treatment effectiveness
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      – SubjectFull: Mental depression
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      – TitleFull: Ketamine and its enantiomers for depression: a bibliometric analysis from 2000 to 2023.
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            NameFull: Zhao, Li-yuan
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              M: 08
              Text: Aug2025
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              Y: 2025
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