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Ketamine-induced altered states of consciousness: a systematic review of implications for therapeutic outcomes in psychiatric practices.

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Title: Ketamine-induced altered states of consciousness: a systematic review of implications for therapeutic outcomes in psychiatric practices.
Authors: da Costa Gonçalves, Kaike Thiê (NURSE), de Tavares, Vagner Deuel O. (NURSE), de Morais Barros, Maria Luiza (NURSE), de Brito, Aldielyson Jorge Cavalcante (NURSE), Cavalcanti-Ribeiro, Patrícia (NURSE), Palhano-Fontes, Fernanda (NURSE), Falchi-Carvalho, Marcelo (NURSE), Arcoverde, Emerson (NURSE), dos Santos, Rafael Guimarães (AUTHOR), Hallak, Jaime E. C. (AUTHOR), de Araujo, Draulio Barros (NURSE), Galvão-Coelho, Nicole Leite (NURSE)
Source: European Archives of Psychiatry & Clinical Neuroscience. Aug2025, Vol. 275 Issue 5, p1271-1299. 29p.
Subjects: Ketamine, Mental illness, Mental depression, Psychopharmacology, Treatment effectiveness, Affective disorders
Abstract: This systematic review aims to elucidate the nexus between ketamine's psychoactive properties and its efficacy in treating a broad spectrum of psychiatric disorders. We searched three databases and used citation tracking to include 29 studies. Predominantly, mood disorders, including bipolar disorder (BD) and major depressive disorder (MDD) (MDD + BD: + n = 25 studies), a large part of them involve treatment-resistant patients (n = 14 studies), substance use disorder (SUD, n = 3 studies), and social anxiety disorder (SAD, n = 1 study). From all included studies (n = 29), 15 (51.72%) of them identified a positive relation between ketamine-induced altered states of consciousness and clinical outcomes, while 13 studies (44.83%) showed no linkage between them, and one study (3.45%) delineated a negative association. Focusing solely on intravenous (IV) ketamine infusions (n = 25), 14 studies (56%) reported a positive modulation of ketamine's psychoactive effects and therapeutic benefits, whereas 10 studies (40%) confirmed no relationship, and one study (4%) showed a negative association. The single study (33.34%) involving subcutaneous ketamine and all three studies (66.6%) intranasal administration did not demonstrate a significant interaction between ketamine's psychoactive effects and therapeutic response. All three SUD studies reported a positive correlation between ketamine's psychoactive effects and therapeutic response. In contrast, the single SAD study did not find a relationship between these parameters. For studies involving mood disorders (n = 25), 12 studies (48%) reported a positive relationship between psychoactive effects and therapeutic response. Others 12 studies (48%) identified a null relationship, and one study (4%) found a significant negative association. Although we have found a larger association than previous studies between ketamine's psychoactive properties and its efficacy in treating a broad spectrum of psychiatric disorders, its topic remains indeterminate, mainly due to the high heterogeneity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Copyright of European Archives of Psychiatry & Clinical Neuroscience is the property of Springer Nature and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
Database: Psychology and Behavioral Sciences Collection
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  Data: Ketamine-induced altered states of consciousness: a systematic review of implications for therapeutic outcomes in psychiatric practices.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22da+Costa+Gonçalves%2C+Kaike+Thiê%22">da Costa Gonçalves, Kaike Thiê</searchLink> (NURSE)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22de+Tavares%2C+Vagner+Deuel+O%2E%22">de Tavares, Vagner Deuel O.</searchLink> (NURSE)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22de+Morais+Barros%2C+Maria+Luiza%22">de Morais Barros, Maria Luiza</searchLink> (NURSE)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22de+Brito%2C+Aldielyson+Jorge+Cavalcante%22">de Brito, Aldielyson Jorge Cavalcante</searchLink> (NURSE)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Cavalcanti-Ribeiro%2C+Patrícia%22">Cavalcanti-Ribeiro, Patrícia</searchLink> (NURSE)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Palhano-Fontes%2C+Fernanda%22">Palhano-Fontes, Fernanda</searchLink> (NURSE)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Falchi-Carvalho%2C+Marcelo%22">Falchi-Carvalho, Marcelo</searchLink> (NURSE)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Arcoverde%2C+Emerson%22">Arcoverde, Emerson</searchLink> (NURSE)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22dos+Santos%2C+Rafael+Guimarães%22">dos Santos, Rafael Guimarães</searchLink> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Hallak%2C+Jaime+E%2E+C%2E%22">Hallak, Jaime E. C.</searchLink> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22de+Araujo%2C+Draulio+Barros%22">de Araujo, Draulio Barros</searchLink> (NURSE)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Galvão-Coelho%2C+Nicole+Leite%22">Galvão-Coelho, Nicole Leite</searchLink> (NURSE)
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="JN" term="%22European+Archives+of+Psychiatry+%26+Clinical+Neuroscience%22">European Archives of Psychiatry & Clinical Neuroscience</searchLink>. Aug2025, Vol. 275 Issue 5, p1271-1299. 29p.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Ketamine%22">Ketamine</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Mental+illness%22">Mental illness</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Mental+depression%22">Mental depression</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Psychopharmacology%22">Psychopharmacology</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Treatment+effectiveness%22">Treatment effectiveness</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Affective+disorders%22">Affective disorders</searchLink>
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  Data: This systematic review aims to elucidate the nexus between ketamine's psychoactive properties and its efficacy in treating a broad spectrum of psychiatric disorders. We searched three databases and used citation tracking to include 29 studies. Predominantly, mood disorders, including bipolar disorder (BD) and major depressive disorder (MDD) (MDD + BD: + n = 25 studies), a large part of them involve treatment-resistant patients (n = 14 studies), substance use disorder (SUD, n = 3 studies), and social anxiety disorder (SAD, n = 1 study). From all included studies (n = 29), 15 (51.72%) of them identified a positive relation between ketamine-induced altered states of consciousness and clinical outcomes, while 13 studies (44.83%) showed no linkage between them, and one study (3.45%) delineated a negative association. Focusing solely on intravenous (IV) ketamine infusions (n = 25), 14 studies (56%) reported a positive modulation of ketamine's psychoactive effects and therapeutic benefits, whereas 10 studies (40%) confirmed no relationship, and one study (4%) showed a negative association. The single study (33.34%) involving subcutaneous ketamine and all three studies (66.6%) intranasal administration did not demonstrate a significant interaction between ketamine's psychoactive effects and therapeutic response. All three SUD studies reported a positive correlation between ketamine's psychoactive effects and therapeutic response. In contrast, the single SAD study did not find a relationship between these parameters. For studies involving mood disorders (n = 25), 12 studies (48%) reported a positive relationship between psychoactive effects and therapeutic response. Others 12 studies (48%) identified a null relationship, and one study (4%) found a significant negative association. Although we have found a larger association than previous studies between ketamine's psychoactive properties and its efficacy in treating a broad spectrum of psychiatric disorders, its topic remains indeterminate, mainly due to the high heterogeneity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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  Data: <i>Copyright of European Archives of Psychiatry & Clinical Neuroscience is the property of Springer Nature and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract.</i> (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
PLink https://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&site=eds-live&db=pbh&AN=186711332
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