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Maternal sleep disturbance during pregnancy and child intelligence quotient: A metabolome‐wide association study in the Shanghai Birth Cohort.

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Title: Maternal sleep disturbance during pregnancy and child intelligence quotient: A metabolome‐wide association study in the Shanghai Birth Cohort.
Authors: Huang, Yun, Luo, Fei, Wang, Guanghai, Zhang, Ting, Zhang, Lin, Fan, Lichun, Zhang, Jun
Source: Journal of Child Psychology & Psychiatry. Aug2025, Vol. 66 Issue 8, p1105-1116. 12p.
Subjects: Child development deviations -- Risk factors, Intellect, Risk assessment, Lifestyles, High performance liquid chromatography, Research funding, Questionnaires, Multiple regression analysis, Descriptive statistics, Duration of pregnancy, Metabolites, Longitudinal method, Latent structure analysis, Mass spectrometry, Molecular structure, Pregnancy complications, Sociodemographic factors, Sleep quality, Factor analysis, Data analysis software, Confidence intervals, Sleep disorders, Children
Geographic Terms: China
Abstract: Background: The impact of maternal sleep disturbances during pregnancy on long‐term neurodevelopment and the role of metabolites in this process are not well understood. In a prospective cohort study, we aimed to investigate the associations between maternal sleep disturbances during each trimester and child intelligence quotient (IQ) at the age of 4 years and to identify metabolites that might mediate these relationships. Methods: This study included 1,870 mother–child pairs from the Shanghai Birth Cohort (SBC). Maternal sleep quality was assessed using the Pittsburgh sleep quality index (PSQI) questionnaire in the first and second trimesters, and a simplified version of the PSQI was used in the third trimester. Child IQ was evaluated at age 4 using the Wechsler Primary and Preschool Scale of Intelligence‐Fourth Edition (WPPSI‐IV). We conducted untargeted analyses of maternal serum metabolomics in the first trimester in 1,461 subjects. We employed multiple linear regression models to examine the associations between maternal sleep disturbances during each trimester and child IQ. Additionally, we utilized longitudinal latent class analysis (LLCA) to identify patterns of sleep quality changes throughout the three trimesters and employed multiple linear regression models to investigate how these sleep patterns across the entire pregnancy were associated with child IQ. We applied a 'meet‐in‐the‐middle' approach to identify potential metabolites linking maternal sleep disturbances during early pregnancy with child IQ. Results: Longer sleep latency was associated with lower child Full‐Scale IQ (FSIQ) and verbal comprehension index (VCI) for the first trimester, while lower child fluid reasoning index (FRI) for the second trimester. Longer sleep latency throughout the pregnancy was associated with decreased FSIQ (β = −4.68; 95% CI: −8.32, −1.03), VCI (β = −6.38; 95% CI: −10.39, −2.37), and FRI (β = −4.29; 95% CI: −7.96, −0.63). We found that inositol, indoleacrylic acid, and 4‐hydroxyquinoline emerged as potential biomarkers that play an intermediary role in the association between maternal sleep disturbances and child IQ. Conclusions: Sleep disturbance during pregnancy may be a risk factor for compromised IQ in preschool‐aged offspring. Alterations in inositol and tryptophan metabolism might be the mediator for the link between maternal sleep disturbances and child IQ. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Copyright of Journal of Child Psychology & Psychiatry is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
Database: Psychology and Behavioral Sciences Collection
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  Data: Maternal sleep disturbance during pregnancy and child intelligence quotient: A metabolome‐wide association study in the Shanghai Birth Cohort.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Huang%2C+Yun%22">Huang, Yun</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Luo%2C+Fei%22">Luo, Fei</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Wang%2C+Guanghai%22">Wang, Guanghai</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Zhang%2C+Ting%22">Zhang, Ting</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Zhang%2C+Lin%22">Zhang, Lin</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Fan%2C+Lichun%22">Fan, Lichun</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Zhang%2C+Jun%22">Zhang, Jun</searchLink>
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="JN" term="%22Journal+of+Child+Psychology+%26+Psychiatry%22">Journal of Child Psychology & Psychiatry</searchLink>. Aug2025, Vol. 66 Issue 8, p1105-1116. 12p.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Child+development+deviations+--+Risk+factors%22">Child development deviations -- Risk factors</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Intellect%22">Intellect</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Risk+assessment%22">Risk assessment</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Lifestyles%22">Lifestyles</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22High+performance+liquid+chromatography%22">High performance liquid chromatography</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Research+funding%22">Research funding</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Questionnaires%22">Questionnaires</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Multiple+regression+analysis%22">Multiple regression analysis</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Descriptive+statistics%22">Descriptive statistics</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Duration+of+pregnancy%22">Duration of pregnancy</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Metabolites%22">Metabolites</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Longitudinal+method%22">Longitudinal method</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Latent+structure+analysis%22">Latent structure analysis</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Mass+spectrometry%22">Mass spectrometry</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Molecular+structure%22">Molecular structure</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Pregnancy+complications%22">Pregnancy complications</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Sociodemographic+factors%22">Sociodemographic factors</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Sleep+quality%22">Sleep quality</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Factor+analysis%22">Factor analysis</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Data+analysis+software%22">Data analysis software</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Confidence+intervals%22">Confidence intervals</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Sleep+disorders%22">Sleep disorders</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Children%22">Children</searchLink>
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  Label: Geographic Terms
  Group: Su
  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22China%22">China</searchLink>
– Name: Abstract
  Label: Abstract
  Group: Ab
  Data: Background: The impact of maternal sleep disturbances during pregnancy on long‐term neurodevelopment and the role of metabolites in this process are not well understood. In a prospective cohort study, we aimed to investigate the associations between maternal sleep disturbances during each trimester and child intelligence quotient (IQ) at the age of 4 years and to identify metabolites that might mediate these relationships. Methods: This study included 1,870 mother–child pairs from the Shanghai Birth Cohort (SBC). Maternal sleep quality was assessed using the Pittsburgh sleep quality index (PSQI) questionnaire in the first and second trimesters, and a simplified version of the PSQI was used in the third trimester. Child IQ was evaluated at age 4 using the Wechsler Primary and Preschool Scale of Intelligence‐Fourth Edition (WPPSI‐IV). We conducted untargeted analyses of maternal serum metabolomics in the first trimester in 1,461 subjects. We employed multiple linear regression models to examine the associations between maternal sleep disturbances during each trimester and child IQ. Additionally, we utilized longitudinal latent class analysis (LLCA) to identify patterns of sleep quality changes throughout the three trimesters and employed multiple linear regression models to investigate how these sleep patterns across the entire pregnancy were associated with child IQ. We applied a 'meet‐in‐the‐middle' approach to identify potential metabolites linking maternal sleep disturbances during early pregnancy with child IQ. Results: Longer sleep latency was associated with lower child Full‐Scale IQ (FSIQ) and verbal comprehension index (VCI) for the first trimester, while lower child fluid reasoning index (FRI) for the second trimester. Longer sleep latency throughout the pregnancy was associated with decreased FSIQ (β = −4.68; 95% CI: −8.32, −1.03), VCI (β = −6.38; 95% CI: −10.39, −2.37), and FRI (β = −4.29; 95% CI: −7.96, −0.63). We found that inositol, indoleacrylic acid, and 4‐hydroxyquinoline emerged as potential biomarkers that play an intermediary role in the association between maternal sleep disturbances and child IQ. Conclusions: Sleep disturbance during pregnancy may be a risk factor for compromised IQ in preschool‐aged offspring. Alterations in inositol and tryptophan metabolism might be the mediator for the link between maternal sleep disturbances and child IQ. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
– Name: AbstractSuppliedCopyright
  Label:
  Group: Ab
  Data: <i>Copyright of Journal of Child Psychology & Psychiatry is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract.</i> (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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RecordInfo BibRecord:
  BibEntity:
    Identifiers:
      – Type: doi
        Value: 10.1111/jcpp.14125
    Languages:
      – Code: eng
        Text: English
    PhysicalDescription:
      Pagination:
        PageCount: 12
        StartPage: 1105
    Subjects:
      – SubjectFull: Child development deviations -- Risk factors
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Intellect
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Risk assessment
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Lifestyles
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: High performance liquid chromatography
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Research funding
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Questionnaires
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Multiple regression analysis
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Descriptive statistics
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Duration of pregnancy
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Metabolites
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Longitudinal method
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Latent structure analysis
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Mass spectrometry
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Molecular structure
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Pregnancy complications
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Sociodemographic factors
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Sleep quality
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Factor analysis
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Data analysis software
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Confidence intervals
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Sleep disorders
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Children
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: China
        Type: general
    Titles:
      – TitleFull: Maternal sleep disturbance during pregnancy and child intelligence quotient: A metabolome‐wide association study in the Shanghai Birth Cohort.
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            – D: 01
              M: 08
              Text: Aug2025
              Type: published
              Y: 2025
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