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Stimulus processing bias in anxiety-related fear generalisation: drift-diffusion modelling and subgroups differences.

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Title: Stimulus processing bias in anxiety-related fear generalisation: drift-diffusion modelling and subgroups differences.
Authors: Zhang, Donghuan (AUTHOR), Fan, Min (AUTHOR), Zhang, Biyao (AUTHOR), Feng, Yixuan (AUTHOR), Yu, Gao (AUTHOR), Chen, Wei (AUTHOR), Biao, Feng (AUTHOR), Zheng, Xifu (AUTHOR)
Source: Cognition & Emotion. Aug2025, Vol. 39 Issue 5, p1166-1175. 10p.
Subjects: Anxiety, Drift diffusion models, Stimulus & response (Psychology), Risk perception, Cohort analysis, Anxiety disorders, Scientific observation, Computer simulation
Abstract: In fear differential conditioning, stimuli that resemble the conditioned stimulus (CS+) are more likely to trigger fear responses. Excessive fear responses on stimuli not like CS + are often associated with anxiety. However, the threat judgments process and how this process manifests itself differently in subgroups with different generalisation rule applications, is unclear. This study examines whether anxiety biases the threat decision process in fear generalisation paradigm and whether subgroups characterised by different generalisation gradients was interpreted differently by drift-diffusion model. We gathered behavioural data through a binary fear generalisation judgment task and clustered participants based on their responses. Reaction time distributions and individual scale scores were analyzed using the hierarchical drift-diffusion model. The model results suggested that similarity and state anxiety facilitated evidence-gathering processes that favoured "threat" judgments, but at the same time, state anxiety weakened the effect of stimulus similarity as evidence. Further cluster analyses revealed that this effect of anxiety on threat judgments only held true for specific subgroups of participants. This pioneering computational modelling effort in fear generalisation underscores the significant role of strategy preference and its complex interaction with anxiety in shaping stimulus processing. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Copyright of Cognition & Emotion is the property of Taylor & Francis Ltd and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
Database: Psychology and Behavioral Sciences Collection
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  Data: Stimulus processing bias in anxiety-related fear generalisation: drift-diffusion modelling and subgroups differences.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Zhang%2C+Donghuan%22">Zhang, Donghuan</searchLink> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Fan%2C+Min%22">Fan, Min</searchLink> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Zhang%2C+Biyao%22">Zhang, Biyao</searchLink> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Feng%2C+Yixuan%22">Feng, Yixuan</searchLink> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Yu%2C+Gao%22">Yu, Gao</searchLink> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Chen%2C+Wei%22">Chen, Wei</searchLink> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Biao%2C+Feng%22">Biao, Feng</searchLink> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Zheng%2C+Xifu%22">Zheng, Xifu</searchLink> (AUTHOR)
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="JN" term="%22Cognition+%26+Emotion%22">Cognition & Emotion</searchLink>. Aug2025, Vol. 39 Issue 5, p1166-1175. 10p.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Anxiety%22">Anxiety</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Drift+diffusion+models%22">Drift diffusion models</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Stimulus+%26+response+%28Psychology%29%22">Stimulus & response (Psychology)</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Risk+perception%22">Risk perception</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Cohort+analysis%22">Cohort analysis</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Anxiety+disorders%22">Anxiety disorders</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Scientific+observation%22">Scientific observation</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Computer+simulation%22">Computer simulation</searchLink>
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  Data: In fear differential conditioning, stimuli that resemble the conditioned stimulus (CS+) are more likely to trigger fear responses. Excessive fear responses on stimuli not like CS + are often associated with anxiety. However, the threat judgments process and how this process manifests itself differently in subgroups with different generalisation rule applications, is unclear. This study examines whether anxiety biases the threat decision process in fear generalisation paradigm and whether subgroups characterised by different generalisation gradients was interpreted differently by drift-diffusion model. We gathered behavioural data through a binary fear generalisation judgment task and clustered participants based on their responses. Reaction time distributions and individual scale scores were analyzed using the hierarchical drift-diffusion model. The model results suggested that similarity and state anxiety facilitated evidence-gathering processes that favoured "threat" judgments, but at the same time, state anxiety weakened the effect of stimulus similarity as evidence. Further cluster analyses revealed that this effect of anxiety on threat judgments only held true for specific subgroups of participants. This pioneering computational modelling effort in fear generalisation underscores the significant role of strategy preference and its complex interaction with anxiety in shaping stimulus processing. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
– Name: AbstractSuppliedCopyright
  Label:
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  Data: <i>Copyright of Cognition & Emotion is the property of Taylor & Francis Ltd and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract.</i> (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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        Value: 10.1080/02699931.2024.2431152
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        Text: English
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      – SubjectFull: Computer simulation
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      – TitleFull: Stimulus processing bias in anxiety-related fear generalisation: drift-diffusion modelling and subgroups differences.
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            – D: 01
              M: 08
              Text: Aug2025
              Type: published
              Y: 2025
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