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Emotion regulation strategy and its relationship with emotional dysregulation in children with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder: behavioral and brain findings.

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Title: Emotion regulation strategy and its relationship with emotional dysregulation in children with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder: behavioral and brain findings.
Authors: Liu, Qianrong, Feng, Yuan, Chen, Wai, Zhu, Yu, Preece, David A., Gao, Yuan, Luo, Xiangsheng, Dang, Chen, Wang, Yufeng, Sun, Li, Liu, Lu
Source: European Child & Adolescent Psychiatry. Jul2025, Vol. 34 Issue 7, p2241-2252. 12p.
Subjects: Emotion regulation, Statistical correlation, Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder, Cognitive testing, Functional connectivity, Amygdaloid body, Brain, Questionnaires, Affective disorders in children, Magnetic resonance imaging, Descriptive statistics, Neuroradiology, Comparative studies, Factor analysis, Data analysis software, Confidence intervals, Child behavior, Regression analysis
Abstract: Important associations between emotional dysregulation (ED) and ADHD have been identified in adults, with a key manifestation of this being differential use of emotion regulation strategies: reduced use of cognitive reappraisal (CR), but elevated expressive suppression (ES). These associations have been observed at both behavioral and neuroimaging levels. The present study aims to explore the use of CR and ES in children with ADHD, and their relationship to ED. 148 children with ADHD and 265 healthy controls (age 9–16 years) were recruited and evaluated and correlated their ED, CR, and ES. Resting-state fMRI functional connectivity, with 6 amygdala subregions as regions-of-interest, were analyzed in a subsample to identify potential neural correlates. Children with ADHD showed significant higher ED, and lower use of both CR and ES. A significant negative correlation was found between CR and ED. Mediation analysis indicated that CR has an indirect influence on the relationship between ADHD diagnosis and ED. In the neuroimaging analyses, the functional connectivity between the right superficial amygdala and left middle occipital gyrus showed a significant group-by-ES interaction, highlighting potential neural correlates for elevated ED in children with ADHD. Children with ADHD expressed elevated levels of ED, and used less CR and ES compared to healthy controls. The lower use of ES may relate to abnormal amygdala connectivity in children with ADHD. This finding suggested that brain immaturity in children may preclude effective deployment of ES in emotion regulation processes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Copyright of European Child & Adolescent Psychiatry is the property of Springer Nature and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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  Data: Emotion regulation strategy and its relationship with emotional dysregulation in children with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder: behavioral and brain findings.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Liu%2C+Qianrong%22">Liu, Qianrong</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Feng%2C+Yuan%22">Feng, Yuan</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Chen%2C+Wai%22">Chen, Wai</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Zhu%2C+Yu%22">Zhu, Yu</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Preece%2C+David+A%2E%22">Preece, David A.</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Gao%2C+Yuan%22">Gao, Yuan</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Luo%2C+Xiangsheng%22">Luo, Xiangsheng</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Dang%2C+Chen%22">Dang, Chen</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Wang%2C+Yufeng%22">Wang, Yufeng</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Sun%2C+Li%22">Sun, Li</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Liu%2C+Lu%22">Liu, Lu</searchLink>
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="JN" term="%22European+Child+%26+Adolescent+Psychiatry%22">European Child & Adolescent Psychiatry</searchLink>. Jul2025, Vol. 34 Issue 7, p2241-2252. 12p.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Emotion+regulation%22">Emotion regulation</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Statistical+correlation%22">Statistical correlation</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Attention-deficit+hyperactivity+disorder%22">Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Cognitive+testing%22">Cognitive testing</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Functional+connectivity%22">Functional connectivity</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Amygdaloid+body%22">Amygdaloid body</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Brain%22">Brain</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Questionnaires%22">Questionnaires</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Affective+disorders+in+children%22">Affective disorders in children</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Magnetic+resonance+imaging%22">Magnetic resonance imaging</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Descriptive+statistics%22">Descriptive statistics</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Neuroradiology%22">Neuroradiology</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Comparative+studies%22">Comparative studies</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Factor+analysis%22">Factor analysis</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Data+analysis+software%22">Data analysis software</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Confidence+intervals%22">Confidence intervals</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Child+behavior%22">Child behavior</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Regression+analysis%22">Regression analysis</searchLink>
– Name: Abstract
  Label: Abstract
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  Data: Important associations between emotional dysregulation (ED) and ADHD have been identified in adults, with a key manifestation of this being differential use of emotion regulation strategies: reduced use of cognitive reappraisal (CR), but elevated expressive suppression (ES). These associations have been observed at both behavioral and neuroimaging levels. The present study aims to explore the use of CR and ES in children with ADHD, and their relationship to ED. 148 children with ADHD and 265 healthy controls (age 9–16 years) were recruited and evaluated and correlated their ED, CR, and ES. Resting-state fMRI functional connectivity, with 6 amygdala subregions as regions-of-interest, were analyzed in a subsample to identify potential neural correlates. Children with ADHD showed significant higher ED, and lower use of both CR and ES. A significant negative correlation was found between CR and ED. Mediation analysis indicated that CR has an indirect influence on the relationship between ADHD diagnosis and ED. In the neuroimaging analyses, the functional connectivity between the right superficial amygdala and left middle occipital gyrus showed a significant group-by-ES interaction, highlighting potential neural correlates for elevated ED in children with ADHD. Children with ADHD expressed elevated levels of ED, and used less CR and ES compared to healthy controls. The lower use of ES may relate to abnormal amygdala connectivity in children with ADHD. This finding suggested that brain immaturity in children may preclude effective deployment of ES in emotion regulation processes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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  Data: <i>Copyright of European Child & Adolescent Psychiatry is the property of Springer Nature and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract.</i> (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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      – Type: doi
        Value: 10.1007/s00787-025-02643-7
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      – Code: eng
        Text: English
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        PageCount: 12
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    Subjects:
      – SubjectFull: Emotion regulation
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Statistical correlation
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Cognitive testing
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Functional connectivity
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      – SubjectFull: Amygdaloid body
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      – SubjectFull: Brain
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      – SubjectFull: Questionnaires
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      – SubjectFull: Affective disorders in children
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      – SubjectFull: Magnetic resonance imaging
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      – SubjectFull: Descriptive statistics
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      – SubjectFull: Neuroradiology
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      – SubjectFull: Confidence intervals
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      – SubjectFull: Child behavior
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      – SubjectFull: Regression analysis
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      – TitleFull: Emotion regulation strategy and its relationship with emotional dysregulation in children with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder: behavioral and brain findings.
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              Text: Jul2025
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