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Functions of Dietary Restriction and Unique Associations With Mood States Among Young Adults With Food Insecurity: Findings From an Ecological Momentary Assessment Study.

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Title: Functions of Dietary Restriction and Unique Associations With Mood States Among Young Adults With Food Insecurity: Findings From an Ecological Momentary Assessment Study.
Authors: Karvay, Yvette, Neumark‐Sztainer, Dianne, Burke, Natasha L., Engel, Scott G., Wonderlich, Stephen A., Hazzard, Vivienne M.
Source: International Journal of Eating Disorders. Aug2025, Vol. 58 Issue 8, p1477-1486. 10p.
Subjects: Risk assessment, Research funding, Food security, Affective disorders, Descriptive statistics, Data analysis software, Confidence intervals, Diet therapy, Diet in disease, Adults
Abstract: Objective: Limited research has examined the function or consequences of dietary restriction among individuals for whom it may serve differential purposes, such as those with food insecurity. Indeed, food insecurity may uniquely relate to differential functions for engaging in dietary restriction, which may relate to subsequent changes in mood; this study sought to assess these associations. Method: A subsample of 77 young adults from the Minnesota‐based EAT (Eating and Activity over Time) cohort with food insecurity (Mage = 25.2 ± 1.8 years; Women = 72.7%; Black = 18.2%; Latinx = 19.5%; Asian = 18.2%; White = 27.3%) reported on state‐level functions for dietary restriction (financial only, weight‐control only, or both) versus no restriction, and state‐level mood, via ecological momentary assessment (EMA). Demographics‐adjusted linear mixed models were conducted to examine the function of dietary restriction since the last EMA signal and current mood. Results: Across a 14‐day EMA period, 29.9% of observations involved dietary restriction due to financial functions only, 6.2% involved dietary restriction due to both financial and weight‐control functions, and 3.0% involved restriction for weight‐control functions only. Compared to instances of no dietary restriction, overall negative mood was higher after engaging in dietary restriction for both functions (B = 0.43; p = 0.002), but not for financial (B = 0.12; p = 0.14) or weight‐control (B = 0.30; p = 0.06) functions only. Discussion: These findings suggest dual‐purpose dietary restriction (i.e., for both financial and weight‐control) is common in young adults with food insecurity and may influence mood; thus, it may be an important intervention target. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Copyright of International Journal of Eating Disorders is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
Database: Psychology and Behavioral Sciences Collection
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  Data: Functions of Dietary Restriction and Unique Associations With Mood States Among Young Adults With Food Insecurity: Findings From an Ecological Momentary Assessment Study.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Karvay%2C+Yvette%22">Karvay, Yvette</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Neumark‐Sztainer%2C+Dianne%22">Neumark‐Sztainer, Dianne</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Burke%2C+Natasha+L%2E%22">Burke, Natasha L.</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Engel%2C+Scott+G%2E%22">Engel, Scott G.</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Wonderlich%2C+Stephen+A%2E%22">Wonderlich, Stephen A.</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Hazzard%2C+Vivienne+M%2E%22">Hazzard, Vivienne M.</searchLink>
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="JN" term="%22International+Journal+of+Eating+Disorders%22">International Journal of Eating Disorders</searchLink>. Aug2025, Vol. 58 Issue 8, p1477-1486. 10p.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Risk+assessment%22">Risk assessment</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Research+funding%22">Research funding</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Food+security%22">Food security</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Affective+disorders%22">Affective disorders</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Descriptive+statistics%22">Descriptive statistics</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Data+analysis+software%22">Data analysis software</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Confidence+intervals%22">Confidence intervals</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Diet+therapy%22">Diet therapy</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Diet+in+disease%22">Diet in disease</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Adults%22">Adults</searchLink>
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  Data: Objective: Limited research has examined the function or consequences of dietary restriction among individuals for whom it may serve differential purposes, such as those with food insecurity. Indeed, food insecurity may uniquely relate to differential functions for engaging in dietary restriction, which may relate to subsequent changes in mood; this study sought to assess these associations. Method: A subsample of 77 young adults from the Minnesota‐based EAT (Eating and Activity over Time) cohort with food insecurity (Mage = 25.2 ± 1.8 years; Women = 72.7%; Black = 18.2%; Latinx = 19.5%; Asian = 18.2%; White = 27.3%) reported on state‐level functions for dietary restriction (financial only, weight‐control only, or both) versus no restriction, and state‐level mood, via ecological momentary assessment (EMA). Demographics‐adjusted linear mixed models were conducted to examine the function of dietary restriction since the last EMA signal and current mood. Results: Across a 14‐day EMA period, 29.9% of observations involved dietary restriction due to financial functions only, 6.2% involved dietary restriction due to both financial and weight‐control functions, and 3.0% involved restriction for weight‐control functions only. Compared to instances of no dietary restriction, overall negative mood was higher after engaging in dietary restriction for both functions (B = 0.43; p = 0.002), but not for financial (B = 0.12; p = 0.14) or weight‐control (B = 0.30; p = 0.06) functions only. Discussion: These findings suggest dual‐purpose dietary restriction (i.e., for both financial and weight‐control) is common in young adults with food insecurity and may influence mood; thus, it may be an important intervention target. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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  Data: <i>Copyright of International Journal of Eating Disorders is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract.</i> (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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        Value: 10.1002/eat.24453
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        Text: English
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        StartPage: 1477
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      – SubjectFull: Risk assessment
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Research funding
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      – SubjectFull: Food security
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Affective disorders
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Descriptive statistics
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Data analysis software
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      – SubjectFull: Confidence intervals
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      – SubjectFull: Diet therapy
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      – SubjectFull: Diet in disease
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      – SubjectFull: Adults
        Type: general
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              M: 08
              Text: Aug2025
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              Y: 2025
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