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Impact of first-line antiretroviral therapy choice on adverse drug reactions in children with HIV infection: a retrospective cohort study in southwest China.

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Title: Impact of first-line antiretroviral therapy choice on adverse drug reactions in children with HIV infection: a retrospective cohort study in southwest China.
Authors: Chen, Qiuli, Liao, Yanyan, Pan, Peijiang, Lu, Chunyan, Ning, Chuanyi, Wang, Hailong, Jiang, Junjun, Ye, Li, Zhou, Lijuan, Qin, Shanfang, Liang, Hao
Source: AIDS Care. Aug2025, Vol. 37 Issue 8, p1346-1354. 9p.
Subjects: Risk assessment, World Health Organization, Drug side effects, Antiretroviral agents, Research funding, Probability theory, HIV infections, Azidothymidine, Abacavir, Retrospective studies, Descriptive statistics, Severity of illness index, Longitudinal method, Kaplan-Meier estimator, Proportional hazards models, Regression analysis, Gastrointestinal diseases, Disease risk factors, Children
Abstract: Antiretroviral therapy (ART) is essential in managing children with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection, but is often complicated by adverse drug reactions (ADRs), which can significantly impact therapeutic outcomes. This study investigates ADRs in 375 children with HIV receiving zidovudine (AZT)- or abacavir (ABC)-based ART regimens, using Kaplan-Meier, Cox regression analyses to evaluate ADR incidences, and propensity score matching (PSM) to address confounders. We found ADRs occurred in 21.9% of the cohort. Incidence was significantly higher with the ABC-based regimen (31.2%) versus the AZT-based regimen (17.2%). Most ADRs—primarily gastrointestinal—emerged within the first month of ART. Cox regression analysis confirmed ABC-based regimen nearly tripled the ADR risk (adjusted hazard ratio [aHR] = 2.987, P < 0.001). Notably, children at advanced WHO clinical stages (III-IV) on the ABC-based regimen faced even greater risk (aHR = 3.190, P = 0.005) compared to earlier stages (I-II). These results underscore the need for regimen customization based on disease severity to improve safety and efficacy in pediatric HIV treatment, informing optimized ART protocols and personalized strategies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Copyright of AIDS Care is the property of Taylor & Francis Ltd and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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  Data: Impact of first-line antiretroviral therapy choice on adverse drug reactions in children with HIV infection: a retrospective cohort study in southwest China.
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  Data: Antiretroviral therapy (ART) is essential in managing children with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection, but is often complicated by adverse drug reactions (ADRs), which can significantly impact therapeutic outcomes. This study investigates ADRs in 375 children with HIV receiving zidovudine (AZT)- or abacavir (ABC)-based ART regimens, using Kaplan-Meier, Cox regression analyses to evaluate ADR incidences, and propensity score matching (PSM) to address confounders. We found ADRs occurred in 21.9% of the cohort. Incidence was significantly higher with the ABC-based regimen (31.2%) versus the AZT-based regimen (17.2%). Most ADRs—primarily gastrointestinal—emerged within the first month of ART. Cox regression analysis confirmed ABC-based regimen nearly tripled the ADR risk (adjusted hazard ratio [aHR] = 2.987, P &lt; 0.001). Notably, children at advanced WHO clinical stages (III-IV) on the ABC-based regimen faced even greater risk (aHR = 3.190, P = 0.005) compared to earlier stages (I-II). These results underscore the need for regimen customization based on disease severity to improve safety and efficacy in pediatric HIV treatment, informing optimized ART protocols and personalized strategies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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  Data: &lt;i&gt;Copyright of AIDS Care is the property of Taylor &amp; Francis Ltd and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder&#39;s express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract.&lt;/i&gt; (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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RecordInfo BibRecord:
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    Identifiers:
      – Type: doi
        Value: 10.1080/09540121.2025.2532601
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      – Code: eng
        Text: English
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      – SubjectFull: Risk assessment
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: World Health Organization
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      – SubjectFull: Drug side effects
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      – SubjectFull: Antiretroviral agents
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      – SubjectFull: HIV infections
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      – SubjectFull: Severity of illness index
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