Parenting in Overdrive: A Meta-analysis of Helicopter Parenting Across Multiple Indices of Emerging Adult Functioning.
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| Title: | Parenting in Overdrive: A Meta-analysis of Helicopter Parenting Across Multiple Indices of Emerging Adult Functioning. |
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| Authors: | McCoy, Shelly S. (AUTHOR), Dimler, Laura M. (AUTHOR), Rodrigues, Luiza (AUTHOR) |
| Source: | Journal of Adult Development. Sep2025, Vol. 32 Issue 3, p222-245. 24p. |
| Subjects: | Parents, Self-efficacy, Autonomy (Psychology), Parent-child relationships, Sex distribution, Parenting, Psychological well-being, Internalizing behavior, Self-control, Meta-analysis, Anxiety, Academic achievement, Social adjustment, Transition to adulthood, Psychology information storage & retrieval systems, Mental depression |
| Geographic Terms: | United States |
| Abstract: | Previous research suggests helicopter parenting may be disproportionately associated with lower levels of adjustment during emerging adulthood. However, the size, direction, and significance of the effects of helicopter parenting across different indicators of emerging adult functioning has not been empirically established. Therefore, the purpose of this meta-analytic investigation was to clarify the magnitude of the effect of helicopter parenting across multiple indices of well-being, including: internalizing behaviors (anxiety and depressive symptoms), academic adjustment, self-efficacy and regulatory skills. We also explored whether parent gender moderates these associations. An analysis of 53 studies and 111 effect sizes revealed that helicopter parenting was associated with increased internalizing behaviors and reduced academic adjustment, self-efficacy and regulatory skills. Parent gender did not moderate these associations. The findings are discussed in terms of future directions, particularly the need to identify potential moderators. In conclusion, these findings support recommendations for autonomy-supportive parenting practices during emerging adulthood. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] |
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| Database: | Psychology and Behavioral Sciences Collection |
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| Abstract: | Previous research suggests helicopter parenting may be disproportionately associated with lower levels of adjustment during emerging adulthood. However, the size, direction, and significance of the effects of helicopter parenting across different indicators of emerging adult functioning has not been empirically established. Therefore, the purpose of this meta-analytic investigation was to clarify the magnitude of the effect of helicopter parenting across multiple indices of well-being, including: internalizing behaviors (anxiety and depressive symptoms), academic adjustment, self-efficacy and regulatory skills. We also explored whether parent gender moderates these associations. An analysis of 53 studies and 111 effect sizes revealed that helicopter parenting was associated with increased internalizing behaviors and reduced academic adjustment, self-efficacy and regulatory skills. Parent gender did not moderate these associations. The findings are discussed in terms of future directions, particularly the need to identify potential moderators. In conclusion, these findings support recommendations for autonomy-supportive parenting practices during emerging adulthood. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] |
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| ISSN: | 10680667 |
| DOI: | 10.1007/s10804-024-09496-5 |
