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Parenting in Overdrive: A Meta-analysis of Helicopter Parenting Across Multiple Indices of Emerging Adult Functioning.

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Title: Parenting in Overdrive: A Meta-analysis of Helicopter Parenting Across Multiple Indices of Emerging Adult Functioning.
Authors: McCoy, Shelly S. (AUTHOR), Dimler, Laura M. (AUTHOR), Rodrigues, Luiza (AUTHOR)
Source: Journal of Adult Development. Sep2025, Vol. 32 Issue 3, p222-245. 24p.
Subjects: Parents, Self-efficacy, Autonomy (Psychology), Parent-child relationships, Sex distribution, Parenting, Psychological well-being, Internalizing behavior, Self-control, Meta-analysis, Anxiety, Academic achievement, Social adjustment, Transition to adulthood, Psychology information storage & retrieval systems, Mental depression
Geographic Terms: United States
Abstract: Previous research suggests helicopter parenting may be disproportionately associated with lower levels of adjustment during emerging adulthood. However, the size, direction, and significance of the effects of helicopter parenting across different indicators of emerging adult functioning has not been empirically established. Therefore, the purpose of this meta-analytic investigation was to clarify the magnitude of the effect of helicopter parenting across multiple indices of well-being, including: internalizing behaviors (anxiety and depressive symptoms), academic adjustment, self-efficacy and regulatory skills. We also explored whether parent gender moderates these associations. An analysis of 53 studies and 111 effect sizes revealed that helicopter parenting was associated with increased internalizing behaviors and reduced academic adjustment, self-efficacy and regulatory skills. Parent gender did not moderate these associations. The findings are discussed in terms of future directions, particularly the need to identify potential moderators. In conclusion, these findings support recommendations for autonomy-supportive parenting practices during emerging adulthood. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Copyright of Journal of Adult Development is the property of Springer Nature and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
Database: Psychology and Behavioral Sciences Collection
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  Data: Parenting in Overdrive: A Meta-analysis of Helicopter Parenting Across Multiple Indices of Emerging Adult Functioning.
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  Data: Previous research suggests helicopter parenting may be disproportionately associated with lower levels of adjustment during emerging adulthood. However, the size, direction, and significance of the effects of helicopter parenting across different indicators of emerging adult functioning has not been empirically established. Therefore, the purpose of this meta-analytic investigation was to clarify the magnitude of the effect of helicopter parenting across multiple indices of well-being, including: internalizing behaviors (anxiety and depressive symptoms), academic adjustment, self-efficacy and regulatory skills. We also explored whether parent gender moderates these associations. An analysis of 53 studies and 111 effect sizes revealed that helicopter parenting was associated with increased internalizing behaviors and reduced academic adjustment, self-efficacy and regulatory skills. Parent gender did not moderate these associations. The findings are discussed in terms of future directions, particularly the need to identify potential moderators. In conclusion, these findings support recommendations for autonomy-supportive parenting practices during emerging adulthood. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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  Data: <i>Copyright of Journal of Adult Development is the property of Springer Nature and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract.</i> (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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        Value: 10.1007/s10804-024-09496-5
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        Text: English
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        PageCount: 24
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      – SubjectFull: Parents
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Self-efficacy
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Autonomy (Psychology)
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Parent-child relationships
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Sex distribution
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Parenting
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Psychological well-being
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Internalizing behavior
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      – SubjectFull: Self-control
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      – SubjectFull: Meta-analysis
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      – SubjectFull: Anxiety
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      – SubjectFull: Academic achievement
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      – SubjectFull: Social adjustment
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      – SubjectFull: Transition to adulthood
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      – SubjectFull: Psychology information storage & retrieval systems
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      – SubjectFull: Mental depression
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      – SubjectFull: United States
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    Titles:
      – TitleFull: Parenting in Overdrive: A Meta-analysis of Helicopter Parenting Across Multiple Indices of Emerging Adult Functioning.
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            NameFull: McCoy, Shelly S.
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            NameFull: Dimler, Laura M.
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            – D: 01
              M: 09
              Text: Sep2025
              Type: published
              Y: 2025
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