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Leveraging the Occasion to Resist: A Young Child's Noncompliant Responses to Requests for Actions.

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Title: Leveraging the Occasion to Resist: A Young Child's Noncompliant Responses to Requests for Actions.
Authors: Crepaldi, Yvonne Tse (AUTHOR), Luke, Kang-kwong (AUTHOR)
Source: Research on Children & Social Interaction. Aug2025, Vol. 9 Issue 1, p1-29. 29p.
Subjects: Caregivers, Conversation analysis, Video recording, Social skills, Verstehen
Abstract: This paper investigates how a 2-year-old child grapples with caregivers' requests for action ('directives'). Video recordings, totaling 7.5 hours, from a trilingual (Italian-Mandarin-English) household were examined using Conversation Analysis. Close examination revealed that the young child, during the age of 2;0–2;5 years, may not immediately respond with negation tokens such as "no" and "I don't want." Instead, he displays preoccupation with an ongoing or an alternative activity, or diverts the caregiver's attention through accounting, summons, and counter-requests. These practices demonstrate the child's ability to fit his responses to the occasion, foreshadowing and legitimizing his noncompliance. However, the outcome of these noncompliance attempts depends on interactional efforts from both parties. These findings showcase early pragmatic competence in formulating dispreferred responses, highlighting the emerging social skill of children, and contributing to the growing body of research on early social understanding. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Copyright of Research on Children & Social Interaction is the property of University of Toronto Press and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
Database: Psychology and Behavioral Sciences Collection
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  Data: Leveraging the Occasion to Resist: A Young Child's Noncompliant Responses to Requests for Actions.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Crepaldi%2C+Yvonne+Tse%22">Crepaldi, Yvonne Tse</searchLink> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Luke%2C+Kang-kwong%22">Luke, Kang-kwong</searchLink> (AUTHOR)
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="JN" term="%22Research+on+Children+%26+Social+Interaction%22">Research on Children & Social Interaction</searchLink>. Aug2025, Vol. 9 Issue 1, p1-29. 29p.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Caregivers%22">Caregivers</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Conversation+analysis%22">Conversation analysis</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Video+recording%22">Video recording</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Social+skills%22">Social skills</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Verstehen%22">Verstehen</searchLink>
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  Label: Abstract
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  Data: This paper investigates how a 2-year-old child grapples with caregivers' requests for action ('directives'). Video recordings, totaling 7.5 hours, from a trilingual (Italian-Mandarin-English) household were examined using Conversation Analysis. Close examination revealed that the young child, during the age of 2;0–2;5 years, may not immediately respond with negation tokens such as "no" and "I don't want." Instead, he displays preoccupation with an ongoing or an alternative activity, or diverts the caregiver's attention through accounting, summons, and counter-requests. These practices demonstrate the child's ability to fit his responses to the occasion, foreshadowing and legitimizing his noncompliance. However, the outcome of these noncompliance attempts depends on interactional efforts from both parties. These findings showcase early pragmatic competence in formulating dispreferred responses, highlighting the emerging social skill of children, and contributing to the growing body of research on early social understanding. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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  Data: <i>Copyright of Research on Children & Social Interaction is the property of University of Toronto Press and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract.</i> (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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        Value: 10.3138/rcsi-2024-0007
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      – Code: eng
        Text: English
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      – SubjectFull: Caregivers
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Conversation analysis
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      – SubjectFull: Video recording
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      – SubjectFull: Social skills
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              Text: Aug2025
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              Y: 2025
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