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A comparative study of treatment retention in opioid use disorder: Subcutaneous injectable versus sublingual buprenorphine.

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Title: A comparative study of treatment retention in opioid use disorder: Subcutaneous injectable versus sublingual buprenorphine.
Authors: Deng, Charles, Oviedo, Enrique, Fishman, Marc, Burgess‐Hull, Albert
Source: Addiction. Oct2025, Vol. 120 Issue 10, p2127-2133. 7p.
Subjects: Substance abuse, Sublingual drug administration, Controlled release preparations, Research funding, Scientific observation, Treatment effectiveness, Retrospective studies, Descriptive statistics, Longitudinal method, Kaplan-Meier estimator, Comparative studies, Data analysis software, Confidence intervals, Narcotic antagonists, Buprenorphine, Subcutaneous injections, Proportional hazards models, Evaluation
Geographic Terms: Maryland
Abstract: Background and aims: Buprenorphine treatment for opioid‐use disorder (OUD) is commonly available in both sublingual tablets/films and extended‐release subcutaneous injections; however, little is known about differences in patient retention between these two buprenorphine formulations. This study measured retention differences between patients who transitioned from sublingual to subcutaneous injectable buprenorphine and those who remained on sublingual buprenorphine throughout treatment, within a multi‐location outpatient addiction treatment practice. Design and setting: This study was an observational propensity score‐matched cohort study conducted at a multi‐location outpatient addiction practice in Maryland, USA. Participants: Participants included 3609 patients receiving buprenorphine treatment for OUD between June 2019 and February 2024. Measurements: Patient demographics, health history and urine toxicology results. The primary outcome was time‐to‐dropout in days. Kaplan–Meier and Cox Proportional Hazard models with propensity score matching were used to compare treatment retention between injectable and sublingual buprenorphine receipt. Findings Overall, 538 patients at the time of their first extended‐release buprenorphine injection (INJ) were matched with 538 patients only receiving sublingual buprenorphine (SUB‐only). In the unmatched sample, INJ patients were more likely than SUB‐only patients to be female (INJ 47.2% vs SUB‐only 38.7%, P < 0.001) and more likely to have at least an associate's degree (41.4% vs 33.9%, P < 0.001). After matching, patients who transitioned to INJ buprenorphine had lower retention in treatment compared with patients who remained on SUB buprenorphine. Median (95% confidence interval) time‐to‐dropout was 269 days (218–313) for INJ patients compared with 389 days (313–592) for SUB‐only patients (stratified log‐rank test = 13.6, P < 0.001). Conclusions: Among patients receiving medication treatment for opioid use disorder in an outpatient setting, those who transitioned from sublingual to subcutaneous injectable buprenorphine were at an increased risk for dropout compared with matched patients who only received sublingual buprenorphine. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Copyright of Addiction is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
Database: Psychology and Behavioral Sciences Collection
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  Data: A comparative study of treatment retention in opioid use disorder: Subcutaneous injectable versus sublingual buprenorphine.
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  Data: &lt;searchLink fieldCode=&quot;JN&quot; term=&quot;%22Addiction%22&quot;&gt;Addiction&lt;/searchLink&gt;. Oct2025, Vol. 120 Issue 10, p2127-2133. 7p.
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  Data: Background and aims: Buprenorphine treatment for opioid‐use disorder (OUD) is commonly available in both sublingual tablets/films and extended‐release subcutaneous injections; however, little is known about differences in patient retention between these two buprenorphine formulations. This study measured retention differences between patients who transitioned from sublingual to subcutaneous injectable buprenorphine and those who remained on sublingual buprenorphine throughout treatment, within a multi‐location outpatient addiction treatment practice. Design and setting: This study was an observational propensity score‐matched cohort study conducted at a multi‐location outpatient addiction practice in Maryland, USA. Participants: Participants included 3609 patients receiving buprenorphine treatment for OUD between June 2019 and February 2024. Measurements: Patient demographics, health history and urine toxicology results. The primary outcome was time‐to‐dropout in days. Kaplan–Meier and Cox Proportional Hazard models with propensity score matching were used to compare treatment retention between injectable and sublingual buprenorphine receipt. Findings Overall, 538 patients at the time of their first extended‐release buprenorphine injection (INJ) were matched with 538 patients only receiving sublingual buprenorphine (SUB‐only). In the unmatched sample, INJ patients were more likely than SUB‐only patients to be female (INJ 47.2% vs SUB‐only 38.7%, P &lt; 0.001) and more likely to have at least an associate&#39;s degree (41.4% vs 33.9%, P &lt; 0.001). After matching, patients who transitioned to INJ buprenorphine had lower retention in treatment compared with patients who remained on SUB buprenorphine. Median (95% confidence interval) time‐to‐dropout was 269 days (218–313) for INJ patients compared with 389 days (313–592) for SUB‐only patients (stratified log‐rank test = 13.6, P &lt; 0.001). Conclusions: Among patients receiving medication treatment for opioid use disorder in an outpatient setting, those who transitioned from sublingual to subcutaneous injectable buprenorphine were at an increased risk for dropout compared with matched patients who only received sublingual buprenorphine. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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  Data: &lt;i&gt;Copyright of Addiction is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder&#39;s express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract.&lt;/i&gt; (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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RecordInfo BibRecord:
  BibEntity:
    Identifiers:
      – Type: doi
        Value: 10.1111/add.70105
    Languages:
      – Code: eng
        Text: English
    PhysicalDescription:
      Pagination:
        PageCount: 7
        StartPage: 2127
    Subjects:
      – SubjectFull: Substance abuse
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Sublingual drug administration
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Controlled release preparations
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Research funding
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Scientific observation
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Treatment effectiveness
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Retrospective studies
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Descriptive statistics
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Longitudinal method
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Kaplan-Meier estimator
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      – SubjectFull: Comparative studies
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      – SubjectFull: Data analysis software
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      – SubjectFull: Confidence intervals
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      – SubjectFull: Narcotic antagonists
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Buprenorphine
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Subcutaneous injections
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Proportional hazards models
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Evaluation
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Maryland
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      – TitleFull: A comparative study of treatment retention in opioid use disorder: Subcutaneous injectable versus sublingual buprenorphine.
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              M: 10
              Text: Oct2025
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              Y: 2025
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