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Can Intergroup Contact 'Backfire'? Direct and Indirect Secondary Transfer Effects of Majority Group Member Friendships Among Belgian Muslim Adolescents.

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Title: Can Intergroup Contact 'Backfire'? Direct and Indirect Secondary Transfer Effects of Majority Group Member Friendships Among Belgian Muslim Adolescents.
Authors: Dierckx, Kim, Van Hiel, Alain, Maene, Charlotte, Stevens, Peter J., Van Assche, Jasper
Source: Journal of Community & Applied Social Psychology. Sep/Oct2025, Vol. 35 Issue 5, p1-15. 15p.
Subjects: Cross-sectional method, High schools, Pearson correlation (Statistics), Cluster analysis (Statistics), Group identity, Research funding, Adolescent friendships, High school students, Transfer of training, Descriptive statistics, Muslims, Attitude (Psychology), Surveys, Interpersonal relations, Minorities, Factor analysis, Data analysis software, Adolescence
Geographic Terms: Belgium
Abstract: The present study investigated secondary transfer effects (STEs) of minority–majority friendships among ethnic‐cultural minorities; that is, transfer effects of having cross‐group friendships with majority group members on attitudes towards other minority outgroups. Simultaneously tackling three lacunas in literature, we (1) analysed a large dataset of adolescent Muslim minority pupils (N = 1750, mean age = 14.84), (2) examined processes underlying primary and secondary transfer and (3) investigated how one of Allport's 'optimal contact conditions', that is, authority (teacher) support, affects STEs. Overall, the results revealed little evidence for STEs, but there were two noteworthy exceptions. First, contrary to our hypotheses, a significant negative direct relationship was found between minority–majority friendships and attitudes towards two outgroups (Africans and refugees). Second, our results also revealed a significant positive indirect STE between minority–majority friendships and attitudes towards refugees, via attitudes towards the primary outgroup (Belgian majority group members). No cross‐level interactions were found between cross‐group friendships and school‐level authority support, indicating that this 'optimal condition' does not seem to facilitate STEs. Taken together, our results cast reasonable doubt on the potential of STEs to ameliorate minority–minority relations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Copyright of Journal of Community & Applied Social Psychology is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
Database: Psychology and Behavioral Sciences Collection
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  Data: Can Intergroup Contact 'Backfire'? Direct and Indirect Secondary Transfer Effects of Majority Group Member Friendships Among Belgian Muslim Adolescents.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="JN" term="%22Journal+of+Community+%26+Applied+Social+Psychology%22">Journal of Community & Applied Social Psychology</searchLink>. Sep/Oct2025, Vol. 35 Issue 5, p1-15. 15p.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Cross-sectional+method%22">Cross-sectional method</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22High+schools%22">High schools</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Pearson+correlation+%28Statistics%29%22">Pearson correlation (Statistics)</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Cluster+analysis+%28Statistics%29%22">Cluster analysis (Statistics)</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Group+identity%22">Group identity</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Research+funding%22">Research funding</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Adolescent+friendships%22">Adolescent friendships</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22High+school+students%22">High school students</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Transfer+of+training%22">Transfer of training</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Descriptive+statistics%22">Descriptive statistics</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Muslims%22">Muslims</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Attitude+%28Psychology%29%22">Attitude (Psychology)</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Surveys%22">Surveys</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Interpersonal+relations%22">Interpersonal relations</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Minorities%22">Minorities</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Factor+analysis%22">Factor analysis</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Data+analysis+software%22">Data analysis software</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Adolescence%22">Adolescence</searchLink>
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Belgium%22">Belgium</searchLink>
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  Data: The present study investigated secondary transfer effects (STEs) of minority–majority friendships among ethnic‐cultural minorities; that is, transfer effects of having cross‐group friendships with majority group members on attitudes towards other minority outgroups. Simultaneously tackling three lacunas in literature, we (1) analysed a large dataset of adolescent Muslim minority pupils (N = 1750, mean age = 14.84), (2) examined processes underlying primary and secondary transfer and (3) investigated how one of Allport's 'optimal contact conditions', that is, authority (teacher) support, affects STEs. Overall, the results revealed little evidence for STEs, but there were two noteworthy exceptions. First, contrary to our hypotheses, a significant negative direct relationship was found between minority–majority friendships and attitudes towards two outgroups (Africans and refugees). Second, our results also revealed a significant positive indirect STE between minority–majority friendships and attitudes towards refugees, via attitudes towards the primary outgroup (Belgian majority group members). No cross‐level interactions were found between cross‐group friendships and school‐level authority support, indicating that this 'optimal condition' does not seem to facilitate STEs. Taken together, our results cast reasonable doubt on the potential of STEs to ameliorate minority–minority relations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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  Data: <i>Copyright of Journal of Community & Applied Social Psychology is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract.</i> (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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RecordInfo BibRecord:
  BibEntity:
    Identifiers:
      – Type: doi
        Value: 10.1002/casp.70176
    Languages:
      – Code: eng
        Text: English
    PhysicalDescription:
      Pagination:
        PageCount: 15
        StartPage: 1
    Subjects:
      – SubjectFull: Cross-sectional method
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: High schools
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Pearson correlation (Statistics)
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Cluster analysis (Statistics)
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Group identity
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Research funding
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Adolescent friendships
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: High school students
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Transfer of training
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Descriptive statistics
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Muslims
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Attitude (Psychology)
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Surveys
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Interpersonal relations
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Minorities
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Factor analysis
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Data analysis software
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Adolescence
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Belgium
        Type: general
    Titles:
      – TitleFull: Can Intergroup Contact 'Backfire'? Direct and Indirect Secondary Transfer Effects of Majority Group Member Friendships Among Belgian Muslim Adolescents.
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            NameFull: Maene, Charlotte
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            NameFull: Stevens, Peter J.
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            – D: 01
              M: 09
              Text: Sep/Oct2025
              Type: published
              Y: 2025
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              Value: 35
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              Value: 5
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