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3-Year test-retest reliability in Parkinson's disease and healthy older adults: The Parkinson's progression markers initiative study.

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Title: 3-Year test-retest reliability in Parkinson's disease and healthy older adults: The Parkinson's progression markers initiative study.
Authors: Ramos, Ari Alex (AUTHOR), Machado, Liana (AUTHOR)
Source: Applied Neuropsychology: Adult. Nov/Dec2025, Vol. 32 Issue 6, p1678-1690. 13p.
Subjects: Parkinson's disease, Neuropsychological tests, Cognitive testing, Health of older people, Statistical reliability, Montreal Cognitive Assessment, Intraclass correlation
Abstract: Repeated neuropsychological assessments are often conducted in clinical and research settings to track cognitive changes over single or multiple intervals in patients with Parkinson's disease (PD). Yet few studies have documented test-retest reliability in PD. To address this gap, we used data from the Parkinson's Progression Markers Initiative (PPMI) to investigate the reliability of five well-known neuropsychological tests over a 3-year follow-up assessment in early-stage PD with either normal (PD-NC; N = 158) or abnormal (PD-AC; N = 39) cognitive screening, categorized based on recommended cutoffs for the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA), and healthy older adults (HOA; N = 102). All participants analyzed maintained the same cognitive status category across the assessment points. Intraclass correlation coefficients (ICCs) estimated reliability. The overall ICCs calculated across time points were as follows: Judgment of Line Orientation (PD-NC =.47, PD-AC =.50, HOA =.59); Letter-Number Sequencing (PD-NC =.64, PD-AC =.64, HOA =.65); Semantic Fluency (PD-NC =.69, PD-AC =.89, HOA =.77); Symbol Digit Modalities Test (PD-NC =.67, PD-AC =.83, HOA =.71). For the two primary components of the Hopkins Verbal Learning Test-Revised, we found the following ICCs: immediate recall (PD-NC =.46, PD-AC =.57, HOA =.58); delayed recall (PD-NC =.42, PD-AC =.57, HOA =.54). Findings from this study provide useful information for clinicians and researchers toward selecting suitable neuropsychological tests to monitor cognition at two or more time points among newly diagnosed individuals with PD and HOA. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Copyright of Applied Neuropsychology: Adult is the property of Taylor & Francis Ltd and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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  Data: 3-Year test-retest reliability in Parkinson's disease and healthy older adults: The Parkinson's progression markers initiative study.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Ramos%2C+Ari+Alex%22">Ramos, Ari Alex</searchLink> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Machado%2C+Liana%22">Machado, Liana</searchLink> (AUTHOR)
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="JN" term="%22Applied+Neuropsychology%3A+Adult%22">Applied Neuropsychology: Adult</searchLink>. Nov/Dec2025, Vol. 32 Issue 6, p1678-1690. 13p.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Parkinson's+disease%22">Parkinson's disease</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Neuropsychological+tests%22">Neuropsychological tests</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Cognitive+testing%22">Cognitive testing</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Health+of+older+people%22">Health of older people</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Statistical+reliability%22">Statistical reliability</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Montreal+Cognitive+Assessment%22">Montreal Cognitive Assessment</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Intraclass+correlation%22">Intraclass correlation</searchLink>
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  Label: Abstract
  Group: Ab
  Data: Repeated neuropsychological assessments are often conducted in clinical and research settings to track cognitive changes over single or multiple intervals in patients with Parkinson's disease (PD). Yet few studies have documented test-retest reliability in PD. To address this gap, we used data from the Parkinson's Progression Markers Initiative (PPMI) to investigate the reliability of five well-known neuropsychological tests over a 3-year follow-up assessment in early-stage PD with either normal (PD-NC; N = 158) or abnormal (PD-AC; N = 39) cognitive screening, categorized based on recommended cutoffs for the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA), and healthy older adults (HOA; N = 102). All participants analyzed maintained the same cognitive status category across the assessment points. Intraclass correlation coefficients (ICCs) estimated reliability. The overall ICCs calculated across time points were as follows: Judgment of Line Orientation (PD-NC =.47, PD-AC =.50, HOA =.59); Letter-Number Sequencing (PD-NC =.64, PD-AC =.64, HOA =.65); Semantic Fluency (PD-NC =.69, PD-AC =.89, HOA =.77); Symbol Digit Modalities Test (PD-NC =.67, PD-AC =.83, HOA =.71). For the two primary components of the Hopkins Verbal Learning Test-Revised, we found the following ICCs: immediate recall (PD-NC =.46, PD-AC =.57, HOA =.58); delayed recall (PD-NC =.42, PD-AC =.57, HOA =.54). Findings from this study provide useful information for clinicians and researchers toward selecting suitable neuropsychological tests to monitor cognition at two or more time points among newly diagnosed individuals with PD and HOA. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
– Name: AbstractSuppliedCopyright
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  Data: <i>Copyright of Applied Neuropsychology: Adult is the property of Taylor & Francis Ltd and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract.</i> (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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    Identifiers:
      – Type: doi
        Value: 10.1080/23279095.2024.2303718
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      – Code: eng
        Text: English
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        PageCount: 13
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    Subjects:
      – SubjectFull: Parkinson's disease
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Neuropsychological tests
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Cognitive testing
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Health of older people
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Statistical reliability
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      – SubjectFull: Montreal Cognitive Assessment
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      – SubjectFull: Intraclass correlation
        Type: general
    Titles:
      – TitleFull: 3-Year test-retest reliability in Parkinson's disease and healthy older adults: The Parkinson's progression markers initiative study.
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            NameFull: Ramos, Ari Alex
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            NameFull: Machado, Liana
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            – D: 01
              M: 11
              Text: Nov/Dec2025
              Type: published
              Y: 2025
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