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Ancient alleles drive contemporary climate adaptation in an alpine plant.

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Title: Ancient alleles drive contemporary climate adaptation in an alpine plant.
Authors: Fior, Simone, Luqman, Hirzi, Scharmann, Mathias, Pålsson, Aksel, de Jonge, Jennifer, Zoller, Stefan, Zemp, Niklaus, Gargano, Domenico, Wegmann, Daniel, Widmer, Alex
Source: Science. 10/2/2025, Vol. 390 Issue 6768, p59-64. 6p.
Subjects: Mountain plants, Alleles in plants, Plant adaptation, Haplotypes, Vegetation & climate
Abstract: Adaptive evolution is key for species to persist in a warming climate. However, how adaptive genetic variants arise and shape both past and future evolutionary trajectories remains largely unknown. In this work, we integrate genomics with functional and ecological assays to unravel the evolutionary history and adaptive potential of alleles governing adaptation to climate through flowering time in an Alpine carnation. We reveal that "warm" and "cold" alleles of the flowering inhibitor CENTRORADIALIS (DsCEN/2) originated through recombination of highly divergent haplotypes during the carnation radiation, implicating ancestral variation in seeding climate-adaptive alleles. These alleles survived in glacial refugia before mediating the species' range expansion in response to postglacial warming. We predict that, by recapitulating past evolution, warm alleles will continue to facilitate adaptation under future climate change. Editor's summary: Many cold-adapted plants will either need to expand their ranges or genetically adapt to the warming temperatures caused by climate change. Fior et al. assembled a draft genome of the alpine wood pink (Dianthus sylvestris) and looked for signatures of selection in high- and low-elevation populations. They identified the gene DsCEN/2, the two main haplotypes of which determine flowering time and segregate at different frequencies between low- and high-elevation populations. The low-elevation haplotype seems to have arisen during range expansion to warmer valleys during the Last Glacial Maximum. Given its fitness benefits to larger plants in warm conditions, this haplotype will likely increase in frequency in high-elevation populations with future temperature increases. —Corinne Simonti [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Copyright of Science is the property of American Association for the Advancement of Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
Database: Psychology and Behavioral Sciences Collection
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  Data: Ancient alleles drive contemporary climate adaptation in an alpine plant.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Fior%2C+Simone%22">Fior, Simone</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Luqman%2C+Hirzi%22">Luqman, Hirzi</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Scharmann%2C+Mathias%22">Scharmann, Mathias</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Pålsson%2C+Aksel%22">Pålsson, Aksel</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22de+Jonge%2C+Jennifer%22">de Jonge, Jennifer</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Zoller%2C+Stefan%22">Zoller, Stefan</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Zemp%2C+Niklaus%22">Zemp, Niklaus</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Gargano%2C+Domenico%22">Gargano, Domenico</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Wegmann%2C+Daniel%22">Wegmann, Daniel</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Widmer%2C+Alex%22">Widmer, Alex</searchLink>
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="JN" term="%22Science%22">Science</searchLink>. 10/2/2025, Vol. 390 Issue 6768, p59-64. 6p.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Mountain+plants%22">Mountain plants</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Alleles+in+plants%22">Alleles in plants</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Plant+adaptation%22">Plant adaptation</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Haplotypes%22">Haplotypes</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Vegetation+%26+climate%22">Vegetation & climate</searchLink>
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  Label: Abstract
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  Data: Adaptive evolution is key for species to persist in a warming climate. However, how adaptive genetic variants arise and shape both past and future evolutionary trajectories remains largely unknown. In this work, we integrate genomics with functional and ecological assays to unravel the evolutionary history and adaptive potential of alleles governing adaptation to climate through flowering time in an Alpine carnation. We reveal that "warm" and "cold" alleles of the flowering inhibitor CENTRORADIALIS (DsCEN/2) originated through recombination of highly divergent haplotypes during the carnation radiation, implicating ancestral variation in seeding climate-adaptive alleles. These alleles survived in glacial refugia before mediating the species' range expansion in response to postglacial warming. We predict that, by recapitulating past evolution, warm alleles will continue to facilitate adaptation under future climate change. Editor's summary: Many cold-adapted plants will either need to expand their ranges or genetically adapt to the warming temperatures caused by climate change. Fior et al. assembled a draft genome of the alpine wood pink (Dianthus sylvestris) and looked for signatures of selection in high- and low-elevation populations. They identified the gene DsCEN/2, the two main haplotypes of which determine flowering time and segregate at different frequencies between low- and high-elevation populations. The low-elevation haplotype seems to have arisen during range expansion to warmer valleys during the Last Glacial Maximum. Given its fitness benefits to larger plants in warm conditions, this haplotype will likely increase in frequency in high-elevation populations with future temperature increases. —Corinne Simonti [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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  Data: <i>Copyright of Science is the property of American Association for the Advancement of Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract.</i> (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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      – SubjectFull: Plant adaptation
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      – SubjectFull: Vegetation & climate
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      – TitleFull: Ancient alleles drive contemporary climate adaptation in an alpine plant.
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              Text: 10/2/2025
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