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Investigating the Implicit and Explicit Attitudes of Primary School Educators in Scotland Towards Autistic Children.

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Title: Investigating the Implicit and Explicit Attitudes of Primary School Educators in Scotland Towards Autistic Children.
Authors: Cage, Eilidh (AUTHOR), Doyle, Taylor (AUTHOR)
Source: International Journal of Disability, Development & Education. Nov2025, Vol. 72 Issue 7, p1231-1247. 17p.
Subjects: Cross-sectional method, Statistical correlation, Scale analysis (Psychology), Pearson correlation (Statistics), Psychology of teachers, Elementary schools, Children with disabilities, Research funding, Autism, Multiple regression analysis, Probability theory, Descriptive statistics, Age distribution, Implicit bias, Research, Asperger's syndrome
Geographic Terms: Scotland
Abstract: Autistic children are frequently taught in mainstream schools, and in Scotland, policy aims for inclusion. This study investigated Scottish educators' implicit and explicit attitudes towards autistic children and aimed to understand the relationships between attitudes, knowledge and experience. Seventy primary school educators working in Scotland took part. Participants completed a Single-Category Implicit Association Test (SC-IAT) to assess implicit attitudes. They also completed two explicit attitude measures (openness to autism and cognitive attitudes), and measures of knowledge and level of contact. Overall, participants held positive attitudes in explicit attitude measures. Around half had positive implicit attitudes, but a quarter had either neutral or negative implicit attitudes. There were correlations between explicit attitudes, age and years of experience, with older, more experienced staff having more negative attitudes. Young educators with less experience may have more positive attitudes, perhaps reflecting societal changes in perceptions of autism. In regression analyses, greater autism knowledge predicted more positive cognitive attitudes towards autistic children, suggesting that targeting knowledge may improve attitudes. Scotland's policies may have the potential to support the effective inclusion of autistic pupils in schools. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Copyright of International Journal of Disability, Development & Education is the property of Taylor & Francis Ltd and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
Database: Psychology and Behavioral Sciences Collection
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  Data: Investigating the Implicit and Explicit Attitudes of Primary School Educators in Scotland Towards Autistic Children.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Cage%2C+Eilidh%22">Cage, Eilidh</searchLink> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Doyle%2C+Taylor%22">Doyle, Taylor</searchLink> (AUTHOR)
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="JN" term="%22International+Journal+of+Disability%2C+Development+%26+Education%22">International Journal of Disability, Development & Education</searchLink>. Nov2025, Vol. 72 Issue 7, p1231-1247. 17p.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Scotland%22">Scotland</searchLink>
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  Label: Abstract
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  Data: Autistic children are frequently taught in mainstream schools, and in Scotland, policy aims for inclusion. This study investigated Scottish educators' implicit and explicit attitudes towards autistic children and aimed to understand the relationships between attitudes, knowledge and experience. Seventy primary school educators working in Scotland took part. Participants completed a Single-Category Implicit Association Test (SC-IAT) to assess implicit attitudes. They also completed two explicit attitude measures (openness to autism and cognitive attitudes), and measures of knowledge and level of contact. Overall, participants held positive attitudes in explicit attitude measures. Around half had positive implicit attitudes, but a quarter had either neutral or negative implicit attitudes. There were correlations between explicit attitudes, age and years of experience, with older, more experienced staff having more negative attitudes. Young educators with less experience may have more positive attitudes, perhaps reflecting societal changes in perceptions of autism. In regression analyses, greater autism knowledge predicted more positive cognitive attitudes towards autistic children, suggesting that targeting knowledge may improve attitudes. Scotland's policies may have the potential to support the effective inclusion of autistic pupils in schools. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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  Label:
  Group: Ab
  Data: <i>Copyright of International Journal of Disability, Development & Education is the property of Taylor & Francis Ltd and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract.</i> (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
PLink https://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&site=eds-live&db=pbh&AN=188762601
RecordInfo BibRecord:
  BibEntity:
    Identifiers:
      – Type: doi
        Value: 10.1080/1034912X.2024.2408674
    Languages:
      – Code: eng
        Text: English
    PhysicalDescription:
      Pagination:
        PageCount: 17
        StartPage: 1231
    Subjects:
      – SubjectFull: Cross-sectional method
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Statistical correlation
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Scale analysis (Psychology)
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Pearson correlation (Statistics)
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Psychology of teachers
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Elementary schools
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Children with disabilities
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Research funding
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Autism
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Multiple regression analysis
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Probability theory
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Descriptive statistics
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Age distribution
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Implicit bias
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Research
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Asperger's syndrome
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Scotland
        Type: general
    Titles:
      – TitleFull: Investigating the Implicit and Explicit Attitudes of Primary School Educators in Scotland Towards Autistic Children.
        Type: main
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            NameFull: Cage, Eilidh
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            NameFull: Doyle, Taylor
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          Dates:
            – D: 01
              M: 11
              Text: Nov2025
              Type: published
              Y: 2025
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              Value: 1034912X
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              Value: 72
            – Type: issue
              Value: 7
          Titles:
            – TitleFull: International Journal of Disability, Development & Education
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