Clinical features and mortality outcomes of people transferred from prison to forensic mental health units: a nationwide 14-year retrospective cohort study.
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| Title: | Clinical features and mortality outcomes of people transferred from prison to forensic mental health units: a nationwide 14-year retrospective cohort study. |
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| Authors: | Foulds, James A. (AUTHOR), Cunningham, Ruth (AUTHOR), Pitcher, Toni L. (AUTHOR), Frampton, Chris (AUTHOR), Kinner, Stuart A. (AUTHOR), Beaglehole, Ben (AUTHOR) |
| Source: | Social Psychiatry & Psychiatric Epidemiology. Nov2025, Vol. 60 Issue 11, p2685-2693. 9p. |
| Subjects: | Mortality, Mental illness, Forensic psychiatry, Psychiatric hospitals, Prisons, Substance-induced disorders, New Zealand. Ministry of Health, Cohort analysis |
| Geographic Terms: | New Zealand |
| Abstract: | Purpose: To describe a cohort of people transferred from prison to psychiatric hospital care and their mortality outcomes. Methods: Retrospective nationwide cohort of people (n = 1320) transferred from prison to a psychiatric hospital in New Zealand from 2009 to 2022. Follow up commenced at the first transfer and ended on 30 June 2023 or death if earlier. Ministry of Health records were used to describe the cohort and their service utilization profile. Records were linked to official mortality data, and mortality ratios were calculated using publicly available life tables. Results: The cohort was 85% male and 55% Māori, with a median age of 31.2 years. Most had a psychotic disorder (74%) or bipolar disorder (11%) and there were high levels of coexisting substance use disorder. Follow-up duration ranged from 2 months to 14.5 years (median 7.5 years) after the first transfer, of which 17% was in a psychiatric hospital. The age and sex-standardised mortality ratio for the cohort compared to the New Zealand population was 4.7 (95% CI 3.6–5.9). Among deaths with a known cause, 60% were from natural causes and 40% were from injuries including suicide. Conclusion: Despite extended periods of psychiatric hospitalization there was high mortality among people in the cohort. Investment in targeted prevention and coordinated, continuous healthcare is needed for people with a serious mental illness who experience incarceration. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] |
| Copyright of Social Psychiatry & Psychiatric Epidemiology is the property of Springer Nature and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.) | |
| Database: | Psychology and Behavioral Sciences Collection |
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| Header | DbId: pbh DbLabel: Psychology and Behavioral Sciences Collection An: 188950062 AccessLevel: 6 PubType: Academic Journal PubTypeId: academicJournal PreciseRelevancyScore: 0 |
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| Items | – Name: Title Label: Title Group: Ti Data: Clinical features and mortality outcomes of people transferred from prison to forensic mental health units: a nationwide 14-year retrospective cohort study. – Name: Author Label: Authors Group: Au Data: <searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Foulds%2C+James+A%2E%22">Foulds, James A.</searchLink> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Cunningham%2C+Ruth%22">Cunningham, Ruth</searchLink> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Pitcher%2C+Toni+L%2E%22">Pitcher, Toni L.</searchLink> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Frampton%2C+Chris%22">Frampton, Chris</searchLink> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Kinner%2C+Stuart+A%2E%22">Kinner, Stuart A.</searchLink> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Beaglehole%2C+Ben%22">Beaglehole, Ben</searchLink> (AUTHOR) – Name: TitleSource Label: Source Group: Src Data: <searchLink fieldCode="JN" term="%22Social+Psychiatry+%26+Psychiatric+Epidemiology%22">Social Psychiatry & Psychiatric Epidemiology</searchLink>. Nov2025, Vol. 60 Issue 11, p2685-2693. 9p. – Name: Subject Label: Subjects Group: Su Data: <searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Mortality%22">Mortality</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Mental+illness%22">Mental illness</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Forensic+psychiatry%22">Forensic psychiatry</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Psychiatric+hospitals%22">Psychiatric hospitals</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Prisons%22">Prisons</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Substance-induced+disorders%22">Substance-induced disorders</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22New+Zealand%2E+Ministry+of+Health%22">New Zealand. Ministry of Health</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Cohort+analysis%22">Cohort analysis</searchLink> – Name: SubjectGeographic Label: Geographic Terms Group: Su Data: <searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22New+Zealand%22">New Zealand</searchLink> – Name: Abstract Label: Abstract Group: Ab Data: Purpose: To describe a cohort of people transferred from prison to psychiatric hospital care and their mortality outcomes. Methods: Retrospective nationwide cohort of people (n = 1320) transferred from prison to a psychiatric hospital in New Zealand from 2009 to 2022. Follow up commenced at the first transfer and ended on 30 June 2023 or death if earlier. Ministry of Health records were used to describe the cohort and their service utilization profile. Records were linked to official mortality data, and mortality ratios were calculated using publicly available life tables. Results: The cohort was 85% male and 55% Māori, with a median age of 31.2 years. Most had a psychotic disorder (74%) or bipolar disorder (11%) and there were high levels of coexisting substance use disorder. Follow-up duration ranged from 2 months to 14.5 years (median 7.5 years) after the first transfer, of which 17% was in a psychiatric hospital. The age and sex-standardised mortality ratio for the cohort compared to the New Zealand population was 4.7 (95% CI 3.6–5.9). Among deaths with a known cause, 60% were from natural causes and 40% were from injuries including suicide. Conclusion: Despite extended periods of psychiatric hospitalization there was high mortality among people in the cohort. Investment in targeted prevention and coordinated, continuous healthcare is needed for people with a serious mental illness who experience incarceration. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] – Name: AbstractSuppliedCopyright Label: Group: Ab Data: <i>Copyright of Social Psychiatry & Psychiatric Epidemiology is the property of Springer Nature and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract.</i> (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.) |
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| RecordInfo | BibRecord: BibEntity: Identifiers: – Type: doi Value: 10.1007/s00127-025-02893-5 Languages: – Code: eng Text: English PhysicalDescription: Pagination: PageCount: 9 StartPage: 2685 Subjects: – SubjectFull: Mortality Type: general – SubjectFull: Mental illness Type: general – SubjectFull: Forensic psychiatry Type: general – SubjectFull: Psychiatric hospitals Type: general – SubjectFull: Prisons Type: general – SubjectFull: Substance-induced disorders Type: general – SubjectFull: New Zealand. Ministry of Health Type: general – SubjectFull: Cohort analysis Type: general – SubjectFull: New Zealand Type: general Titles: – TitleFull: Clinical features and mortality outcomes of people transferred from prison to forensic mental health units: a nationwide 14-year retrospective cohort study. Type: main BibRelationships: HasContributorRelationships: – PersonEntity: Name: NameFull: Foulds, James A. – PersonEntity: Name: NameFull: Cunningham, Ruth – PersonEntity: Name: NameFull: Pitcher, Toni L. – PersonEntity: Name: NameFull: Frampton, Chris – PersonEntity: Name: NameFull: Kinner, Stuart A. – PersonEntity: Name: NameFull: Beaglehole, Ben IsPartOfRelationships: – BibEntity: Dates: – D: 01 M: 11 Text: Nov2025 Type: published Y: 2025 Identifiers: – Type: issn-print Value: 09337954 Numbering: – Type: volume Value: 60 – Type: issue Value: 11 Titles: – TitleFull: Social Psychiatry & Psychiatric Epidemiology Type: main |
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