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Symptoms of Catatonia Observed in Down Syndrome Regressive Disorder: A Retrospective Analysis.

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Title: Symptoms of Catatonia Observed in Down Syndrome Regressive Disorder: A Retrospective Analysis.
Authors: Smith, Joshua R. (AUTHOR), Baldwin, Isaac (AUTHOR), Lim, Seri (AUTHOR), Luccarelli, James (AUTHOR)
Source: Journal of Autism & Developmental Disorders. Nov2025, Vol. 55 Issue 11, p4160-4166. 7p.
Subjects: Benzodiazepines, Physical diagnosis, Documentation, Down syndrome, Research funding, Psychomotor disorders, Defense mechanisms (Psychology), Electroconvulsive therapy, Alzheimer's disease, Neural development, Mental illness, Autism, Retrospective studies, Severity of illness index, Tranquilizing drugs, Descriptive statistics, Muscle rigidity, Intellectual disabilities, Impulsive personality, Medical records, Acquisition of data, Quality of life, Catatonia, Regression (Psychology), Sociodemographic factors, Asperger's syndrome, Data analysis software, Phenotypes, Mutism, Comorbidity, Immunomodulators, Disease complications, Symptoms
Geographic Terms: United States
Abstract: Purpose: Down Syndrome Regressive Disorder (DSRD) is a neuropsychiatric condition associated with severe symptomology and a negative impact on quality of life. DSRD frequently presents with catatonic symptoms. However, few studies have reported the specific catatonic symptoms that occur in DSRD. Methods: We conducted a retrospective analysis of medical records in a large health system in the southern United States to identify patients with diagnoses of DS with catatonic symptoms who presented for clinical care between 1/1/2018 and 12/1/2023. Patients were included in the study if they had a diagnosis of DSRD or met the criteria for DSRD using consensus guidelines on retrospective chart review, and catatonia as confirmed in clinical documentation and had a full Bush Francis Catatonia Rating Scale (BFCRS) documented at the time of initial catatonia diagnosis. Results: A total of nine patients who met the criteria for DSRD and catatonia using the BFCRS were identified. The average age of patients at the time of DSRD diagnosis was 21.1 years (SD = 13.87). The mean BFCRS score on initial evaluation was 17.3 (SD = 7.0) and the mean number of positive catatonia signs was 11.1 (SD = 1.5). Staring was present in all cases (n = 9, 100%), followed by mutism, grimacing, and rigidity (n = 7, 77.9%). Conclusions: In a sample of nine patients with DSRD, all patients were diagnosed with catatonia. Catatonia is severe if undiagnosed and untreated. Future research is needed to assess specific symptoms of catatonia in DSRD, and longitudinal outcomes to assess optimal means of treatment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Copyright of Journal of Autism & Developmental Disorders is the property of Springer Nature and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
Database: Psychology and Behavioral Sciences Collection
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  Data: Symptoms of Catatonia Observed in Down Syndrome Regressive Disorder: A Retrospective Analysis.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="JN" term="%22Journal+of+Autism+%26+Developmental+Disorders%22">Journal of Autism & Developmental Disorders</searchLink>. Nov2025, Vol. 55 Issue 11, p4160-4166. 7p.
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  Data: Purpose: Down Syndrome Regressive Disorder (DSRD) is a neuropsychiatric condition associated with severe symptomology and a negative impact on quality of life. DSRD frequently presents with catatonic symptoms. However, few studies have reported the specific catatonic symptoms that occur in DSRD. Methods: We conducted a retrospective analysis of medical records in a large health system in the southern United States to identify patients with diagnoses of DS with catatonic symptoms who presented for clinical care between 1/1/2018 and 12/1/2023. Patients were included in the study if they had a diagnosis of DSRD or met the criteria for DSRD using consensus guidelines on retrospective chart review, and catatonia as confirmed in clinical documentation and had a full Bush Francis Catatonia Rating Scale (BFCRS) documented at the time of initial catatonia diagnosis. Results: A total of nine patients who met the criteria for DSRD and catatonia using the BFCRS were identified. The average age of patients at the time of DSRD diagnosis was 21.1 years (SD = 13.87). The mean BFCRS score on initial evaluation was 17.3 (SD = 7.0) and the mean number of positive catatonia signs was 11.1 (SD = 1.5). Staring was present in all cases (n = 9, 100%), followed by mutism, grimacing, and rigidity (n = 7, 77.9%). Conclusions: In a sample of nine patients with DSRD, all patients were diagnosed with catatonia. Catatonia is severe if undiagnosed and untreated. Future research is needed to assess specific symptoms of catatonia in DSRD, and longitudinal outcomes to assess optimal means of treatment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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  Data: <i>Copyright of Journal of Autism & Developmental Disorders is the property of Springer Nature and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract.</i> (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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      – Type: doi
        Value: 10.1007/s10803-024-06249-x
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      – Code: eng
        Text: English
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        PageCount: 7
        StartPage: 4160
    Subjects:
      – SubjectFull: Benzodiazepines
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Physical diagnosis
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Documentation
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      – SubjectFull: Down syndrome
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      – SubjectFull: Research funding
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      – SubjectFull: Psychomotor disorders
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      – SubjectFull: Defense mechanisms (Psychology)
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      – SubjectFull: Electroconvulsive therapy
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      – SubjectFull: Alzheimer's disease
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      – SubjectFull: Neural development
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Mental illness
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Autism
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Retrospective studies
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      – SubjectFull: Tranquilizing drugs
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      – TitleFull: Symptoms of Catatonia Observed in Down Syndrome Regressive Disorder: A Retrospective Analysis.
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              Text: Nov2025
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