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Developmental trajectories of internalizing problems among individuals born very preterm/very low birthweight: early risk and resilience factors.

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Title: Developmental trajectories of internalizing problems among individuals born very preterm/very low birthweight: early risk and resilience factors.
Authors: Zhou, Yanlin (AUTHOR), Bartmann, Peter (AUTHOR), Tsalacopoulos, Nicole (AUTHOR), Wolke, Dieter (AUTHOR)
Source: European Child & Adolescent Psychiatry. Oct2025, Vol. 34 Issue 10, p3197-3208. 12p.
Subjects: Very low birth weight, Psychological resilience, Risk assessment, Parents, Temperament, Research funding, Secondary analysis, Data analysis, Premature infants, Neural development, Social factors, Interviewing, Multiple regression analysis, Socioeconomic status, Statistical sampling, Internalizing behavior, Parenting, Sensory disorders, Dyadic Adjustment Scale, Descriptive statistics, Longitudinal method, Odds ratio, Neurological disorders, Research methodology, Gestational age, Parent-infant relationships, Statistics, Birth weight, Confidence intervals, Psychosocial factors, Social classes, Bashfulness, Adolescence, Children, Adults
Geographic Terms: Germany
Abstract: Individuals born very preterm (VPT; < 32 weeks) or with very low birthweight (VLBW; < 1500 g) are at higher risk for internalizing problems compared to those born at term (37–42 weeks) or with normal birthweight (> 2500 g). However, group-level comparisons often overlook individual differences within these populations. Using data from the Bavarian Longitudinal Study, a German population-based birth cohort, this study aims to investigate developmental trajectories of internalizing problems from childhood to adulthood in 368 VPT/VLBW individuals and to identify early-life neonatal, family, neurodevelopmental, and social factors associated with these trajectories. Growth mixture modeling of parent-reported internalizing problems at ages 6, 8, 13, and 26 revealed three distinct trajectories: 61.7% exhibited consistently low levels of internalizing problems, 21.7% showed increasing problems, and 16.6% showed decreasing problems over time. Compared to the consistently low group, the increasing group had lower socioeconomic status at birth, lower gestational age, and more neurosensory impairments; while the decreasing group was characterized by higher family adversity, greater shyness and emotionality, higher birthweight, and fewer parent–infant relationship problems. Multiple births were associated with a higher likelihood of exhibiting consistently low internalizing problems rather than the increasing or decreasing trajectories. Early interventions targeting higher-risk groups—such as those with lower gestational age, neurosensory impairments, socioeconomic disadvantages, family adversity, or challenging temperaments—and promoting resilience factors like positive parenting, have the potential to improve long-term mental health outcomes for VPT/VLBW individuals. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Copyright of European Child & Adolescent Psychiatry is the property of Springer Nature and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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  Data: Individuals born very preterm (VPT; &lt; 32 weeks) or with very low birthweight (VLBW; &lt; 1500 g) are at higher risk for internalizing problems compared to those born at term (37–42 weeks) or with normal birthweight (&gt; 2500 g). However, group-level comparisons often overlook individual differences within these populations. Using data from the Bavarian Longitudinal Study, a German population-based birth cohort, this study aims to investigate developmental trajectories of internalizing problems from childhood to adulthood in 368 VPT/VLBW individuals and to identify early-life neonatal, family, neurodevelopmental, and social factors associated with these trajectories. Growth mixture modeling of parent-reported internalizing problems at ages 6, 8, 13, and 26 revealed three distinct trajectories: 61.7% exhibited consistently low levels of internalizing problems, 21.7% showed increasing problems, and 16.6% showed decreasing problems over time. Compared to the consistently low group, the increasing group had lower socioeconomic status at birth, lower gestational age, and more neurosensory impairments; while the decreasing group was characterized by higher family adversity, greater shyness and emotionality, higher birthweight, and fewer parent–infant relationship problems. Multiple births were associated with a higher likelihood of exhibiting consistently low internalizing problems rather than the increasing or decreasing trajectories. Early interventions targeting higher-risk groups—such as those with lower gestational age, neurosensory impairments, socioeconomic disadvantages, family adversity, or challenging temperaments—and promoting resilience factors like positive parenting, have the potential to improve long-term mental health outcomes for VPT/VLBW individuals. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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  Data: &lt;i&gt;Copyright of European Child &amp; Adolescent Psychiatry is the property of Springer Nature and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder&#39;s express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract.&lt;/i&gt; (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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      – Type: doi
        Value: 10.1007/s00787-025-02736-3
    Languages:
      – Code: eng
        Text: English
    PhysicalDescription:
      Pagination:
        PageCount: 12
        StartPage: 3197
    Subjects:
      – SubjectFull: Very low birth weight
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Psychological resilience
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Risk assessment
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Parents
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      – SubjectFull: Temperament
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Research funding
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Secondary analysis
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Data analysis
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Premature infants
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Neural development
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Social factors
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Interviewing
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Multiple regression analysis
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Socioeconomic status
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Statistical sampling
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Internalizing behavior
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Parenting
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Sensory disorders
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Dyadic Adjustment Scale
        Type: general
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      – SubjectFull: Bashfulness
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Adolescence
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Children
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Adults
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Germany
        Type: general
    Titles:
      – TitleFull: Developmental trajectories of internalizing problems among individuals born very preterm/very low birthweight: early risk and resilience factors.
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              Text: Oct2025
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