The victimisation experience schedule: contextualising interpersonal trauma and perceived discrimination in individuals with psychotic experiences with and without a need-for-care.

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Title: The victimisation experience schedule: contextualising interpersonal trauma and perceived discrimination in individuals with psychotic experiences with and without a need-for-care.
Authors: Verdaasdonk, I. (AUTHOR), Charalambides, M. A. (AUTHOR), Baumeister, D. (AUTHOR), Jackson, M. (AUTHOR), Garety, P. A. (AUTHOR), Morgan, C. (AUTHOR), Ward, T. (AUTHOR), Peters, E. (AUTHOR)
Source: Social Psychiatry & Psychiatric Epidemiology. Dec2025, Vol. 60 Issue 12, p2759-2772. 14p.
Subjects: Psychoses, Perceived discrimination, Crime victims, Racial minorities, Mental health, Linguistic context, Emotional trauma, Social support
Abstract: Purpose: Victimisation is associated with psychotic experiences (PEs) across the psychosis continuum, yet contextual factors possibly influencing outcomes have been neglected. Building on the Unusual Experiences Enquiry study (UNIQUE) showing higher childhood trauma but lower discrimination in individuals with PEs without a need-for-care, compared to those with a need-for-care, this study utilized a novel instrument to examine victimisation-related contextual factors. Methods: Individuals from the UNIQUE study with persistent PEs with (clinical, n = 82) and without (non-clinical, n = 92) a need-for-care, and a control group without PEs (n = 83), completed the Victimisation Experiences Schedule (VES). This multidimensional instrument, comprising items from validated measures, assesses interpersonal traumas and discriminatory experiences, alongside contextual factors: impact, powerlessness, social support, age, duration, frequency, victim-perpetrator relationships, and reasons for discrimination. Results: There were no differences in lifetime interpersonal traumas between the clinical and non-clinical groups, with the latter reporting slightly more than controls. The clinical group experienced more lifetime perceived discrimination than the other groups. No differences emerged in impact and powerlessness at the time of victimisation; however, the clinical group reported lower positive social support and higher current impact and powerlessness for both types of victimisation. Discrimination occurred earlier and lasted longer in the clinical group than the other groups, often attributed to mental health and race/ethnicity, likely reflecting a higher proportion of racially minoritized individuals. Conclusion: The results suggest an interplay between risk and protective factors around victimisation that may shape outcomes, highlighting the importance of assessing contextual factors of victimisation using comprehensive tools like the VES. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Copyright of Social Psychiatry & Psychiatric Epidemiology is the property of Springer Nature and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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  Data: The victimisation experience schedule: contextualising interpersonal trauma and perceived discrimination in individuals with psychotic experiences with and without a need-for-care.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Verdaasdonk%2C+I%2E%22">Verdaasdonk, I.</searchLink> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Charalambides%2C+M%2E+A%2E%22">Charalambides, M. A.</searchLink> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Baumeister%2C+D%2E%22">Baumeister, D.</searchLink> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Jackson%2C+M%2E%22">Jackson, M.</searchLink> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Garety%2C+P%2E+A%2E%22">Garety, P. A.</searchLink> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Morgan%2C+C%2E%22">Morgan, C.</searchLink> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Ward%2C+T%2E%22">Ward, T.</searchLink> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Peters%2C+E%2E%22">Peters, E.</searchLink> (AUTHOR)
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="JN" term="%22Social+Psychiatry+%26+Psychiatric+Epidemiology%22">Social Psychiatry & Psychiatric Epidemiology</searchLink>. Dec2025, Vol. 60 Issue 12, p2759-2772. 14p.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Psychoses%22">Psychoses</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Perceived+discrimination%22">Perceived discrimination</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Crime+victims%22">Crime victims</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Racial+minorities%22">Racial minorities</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Mental+health%22">Mental health</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Linguistic+context%22">Linguistic context</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Emotional+trauma%22">Emotional trauma</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Social+support%22">Social support</searchLink>
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  Data: Purpose: Victimisation is associated with psychotic experiences (PEs) across the psychosis continuum, yet contextual factors possibly influencing outcomes have been neglected. Building on the Unusual Experiences Enquiry study (UNIQUE) showing higher childhood trauma but lower discrimination in individuals with PEs without a need-for-care, compared to those with a need-for-care, this study utilized a novel instrument to examine victimisation-related contextual factors. Methods: Individuals from the UNIQUE study with persistent PEs with (clinical, n = 82) and without (non-clinical, n = 92) a need-for-care, and a control group without PEs (n = 83), completed the Victimisation Experiences Schedule (VES). This multidimensional instrument, comprising items from validated measures, assesses interpersonal traumas and discriminatory experiences, alongside contextual factors: impact, powerlessness, social support, age, duration, frequency, victim-perpetrator relationships, and reasons for discrimination. Results: There were no differences in lifetime interpersonal traumas between the clinical and non-clinical groups, with the latter reporting slightly more than controls. The clinical group experienced more lifetime perceived discrimination than the other groups. No differences emerged in impact and powerlessness at the time of victimisation; however, the clinical group reported lower positive social support and higher current impact and powerlessness for both types of victimisation. Discrimination occurred earlier and lasted longer in the clinical group than the other groups, often attributed to mental health and race/ethnicity, likely reflecting a higher proportion of racially minoritized individuals. Conclusion: The results suggest an interplay between risk and protective factors around victimisation that may shape outcomes, highlighting the importance of assessing contextual factors of victimisation using comprehensive tools like the VES. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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  Data: <i>Copyright of Social Psychiatry & Psychiatric Epidemiology is the property of Springer Nature and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract.</i> (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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