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Exploring an emotional basis of cognitive control in the flanker task.

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Title: Exploring an emotional basis of cognitive control in the flanker task.
Authors: Yamaguchi, Motonori (AUTHOR), Moore, Jack D. (AUTHOR), Hendry, Sarah E. (AUTHOR), Wolohan, Felicity D. A. (AUTHOR)
Source: Cognition & Emotion. Dec2025, Vol. 39 Issue 8, p1768-1802. 35p.
Subjects: Facial expression, Control (Psychology), Emotional conditioning, Stimulus & response (Psychology), Cognitive flexibility
Abstract: The present study investigated the influence of emotional stimuli in the flanker task. In six experiments, separate influences of anticipating and reacting to valence-laden stimuli (affective pictures or facial expressions) on the flanker effect and its sequential modulation (also known as conflict adaptation) were examined. The results showed that there was little evidence that emotional stimuli influenced cognitive control when positive and negative stimuli appeared randomly during the flanker task. When positive and negative stimuli were separated between different participant groups in order to exclude a possible contamination from the effect of one valence to that of another, the sequential modulation was reduced when valence-laden stimuli were anticipated or had been presented on a preceding trial, regardless of the valence of the stimuli. A similar pattern was also obtained with facial expressions but only for response accuracy and only after valence-laden stimuli were presented on a preceding trial. The influences of anticipating and reacting to emotional stimuli were only partially replicated in the final two experiments where the arousal and valence of affective pictures were manipulated orthogonally. The lack of consistent influences of emotional stimuli on the flanker effect challenges the existing theories that implicate affective contributions to cognitive control. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Copyright of Cognition & Emotion is the property of Taylor & Francis Ltd and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
Database: Psychology and Behavioral Sciences Collection
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  Data: Exploring an emotional basis of cognitive control in the flanker task.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Yamaguchi%2C+Motonori%22">Yamaguchi, Motonori</searchLink> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Moore%2C+Jack+D%2E%22">Moore, Jack D.</searchLink> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Hendry%2C+Sarah+E%2E%22">Hendry, Sarah E.</searchLink> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Wolohan%2C+Felicity+D%2E+A%2E%22">Wolohan, Felicity D. A.</searchLink> (AUTHOR)
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="JN" term="%22Cognition+%26+Emotion%22">Cognition & Emotion</searchLink>. Dec2025, Vol. 39 Issue 8, p1768-1802. 35p.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Facial+expression%22">Facial expression</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Control+%28Psychology%29%22">Control (Psychology)</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Emotional+conditioning%22">Emotional conditioning</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Stimulus+%26+response+%28Psychology%29%22">Stimulus & response (Psychology)</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Cognitive+flexibility%22">Cognitive flexibility</searchLink>
– Name: Abstract
  Label: Abstract
  Group: Ab
  Data: The present study investigated the influence of emotional stimuli in the flanker task. In six experiments, separate influences of anticipating and reacting to valence-laden stimuli (affective pictures or facial expressions) on the flanker effect and its sequential modulation (also known as conflict adaptation) were examined. The results showed that there was little evidence that emotional stimuli influenced cognitive control when positive and negative stimuli appeared randomly during the flanker task. When positive and negative stimuli were separated between different participant groups in order to exclude a possible contamination from the effect of one valence to that of another, the sequential modulation was reduced when valence-laden stimuli were anticipated or had been presented on a preceding trial, regardless of the valence of the stimuli. A similar pattern was also obtained with facial expressions but only for response accuracy and only after valence-laden stimuli were presented on a preceding trial. The influences of anticipating and reacting to emotional stimuli were only partially replicated in the final two experiments where the arousal and valence of affective pictures were manipulated orthogonally. The lack of consistent influences of emotional stimuli on the flanker effect challenges the existing theories that implicate affective contributions to cognitive control. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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  Data: <i>Copyright of Cognition & Emotion is the property of Taylor & Francis Ltd and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract.</i> (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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        Value: 10.1080/02699931.2024.2443005
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      – Code: eng
        Text: English
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      – SubjectFull: Facial expression
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Control (Psychology)
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      – SubjectFull: Emotional conditioning
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Stimulus & response (Psychology)
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            – D: 01
              M: 12
              Text: Dec2025
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              Y: 2025
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