Offline and Online Interpersonal Emotion Regulation in Adolescence: Bidirectional Associations or Not?
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| Title: | Offline and Online Interpersonal Emotion Regulation in Adolescence: Bidirectional Associations or Not? |
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| Authors: | De Raeymaecker, Karen (AUTHOR), Bastin, Margot (AUTHOR), Baetens, Imke (AUTHOR), Bijttebier, Patricia (AUTHOR), Van Heel, Martijn (AUTHOR) |
| Source: | Cognitive Therapy & Research. Dec2025, Vol. 49 Issue 6, p1216-1232. 17p. |
| Subjects: | Emotion regulation, Adolescence, Friendship, Mental health services, Social interaction, Rumination (Cognition), Mental depression, Interpersonal communication |
| Abstract: | Background: Regardless of the communication channel used, intimate conversations foster interpersonal emotion regulation (IER). Although private chatting with friends is important for adolescents, research concerning online IER remains limited. Methods: Cross-lagged panel models were used to study the directionality of offline and online co-rumination, co-dampening, and co-enhancing in 449 adolescents across a one-year period (53% boys; Mage = 15.25 at T1). Additionally, depressive symptoms, friendship quality and the frequency of online interactions were taken into account. Results: A unidirectional association from offline to online co-rumination was established, with adolescents' tendency to co-ruminate in-person transferring to later private chat conversations. Bidirectional associations were found for co-dampening and co-enhancing. Adolescents who were inclined to use online co-dampening respectively co-enhancing during online conversations also showed an increased tendency for offline co-dampening respectively co-enhancing and vice versa. Regarding the interrelation with depression, more severely depressed adolescents used more offline co-rumination one year later. Advantageously, offline co-enhancing created a buffer against these symptoms. Lastly, both a "dose–response" and a "response–dose" relationship were discovered for co-rumination. Accordingly, the more online private interactions adolescents had, the more they used this communication style during chat conversations with their momentary best friend one year later. Relatedly, the more offline co-rumination adolescents used, the less they turned to the online modality to interact with others. No prospective relationships were identified for friendship quality. Conclusion: The study sheds light on which IER-modality should be primarily addressed during mental health support. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] |
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| Database: | Psychology and Behavioral Sciences Collection |
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