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Unique Control of Upstrokes and Downstrokes Yields Expressive Dynamics in Percussion.

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Title: Unique Control of Upstrokes and Downstrokes Yields Expressive Dynamics in Percussion.
Authors: Loria, Tristan (AUTHOR), Teich, Jessica E. (AUTHOR), Tan, Melissa (AUTHOR), Zhang, Jason. J. (AUTHOR), Huang, Aiyun (AUTHOR), Thaut, Michael H. (AUTHOR)
Source: Journal of Motor Behavior. 2025, Vol. 57 Issue 6, p827-842. 16p.
Subjects: Kinematics, Motion capture (Human mechanics), Fine motor ability, Musical interpretation, Percussion music
Abstract: Sixteen right-handed percussionists performed a musical excerpt under crescendo and decrescendo conditions to explore kinematic and directional motor control strategies in percussion dynamics. Motion capture technology measured mallet and hand movements to analyze peak mallet/hand height and velocity for each stroke, as well as average mallet/hand position and velocity during upstrokes (mallet trajectory from playing surface to peak height) and downstrokes (trajectory from peak height to playing surface). These measures assessed execution and directional control, respectively. Results showed that peak mallet heights increased from notes 1–4 during crescendos and decreased over the same range during decrescendos, coinciding with increased and decreased peak hand velocity. During crescendos, the left mallet and hand were consistently elevated higher above the playing surface than the right. Within the right hand effects were localized to the velocity domain. For upstrokes, hand velocity was lower in crescendos versus decrescendos, while velocity was higher for downstrokes in crescendos. These findings indicate distinct motor control strategies contributing to the directional control and execution of sound-producing movements, emphasizing limb-specific mechanisms that could inform percussion pedagogy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Copyright of Journal of Motor Behavior is the property of Taylor & Francis Ltd and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
Database: Psychology and Behavioral Sciences Collection
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PubType: Academic Journal
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  Data: Unique Control of Upstrokes and Downstrokes Yields Expressive Dynamics in Percussion.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Loria%2C+Tristan%22">Loria, Tristan</searchLink> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Teich%2C+Jessica+E%2E%22">Teich, Jessica E.</searchLink> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Tan%2C+Melissa%22">Tan, Melissa</searchLink> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Zhang%2C+Jason%2E+J%2E%22">Zhang, Jason. J.</searchLink> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Huang%2C+Aiyun%22">Huang, Aiyun</searchLink> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Thaut%2C+Michael+H%2E%22">Thaut, Michael H.</searchLink> (AUTHOR)
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="JN" term="%22Journal+of+Motor+Behavior%22">Journal of Motor Behavior</searchLink>. 2025, Vol. 57 Issue 6, p827-842. 16p.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Kinematics%22">Kinematics</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Motion+capture+%28Human+mechanics%29%22">Motion capture (Human mechanics)</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Fine+motor+ability%22">Fine motor ability</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Musical+interpretation%22">Musical interpretation</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Percussion+music%22">Percussion music</searchLink>
– Name: Abstract
  Label: Abstract
  Group: Ab
  Data: Sixteen right-handed percussionists performed a musical excerpt under crescendo and decrescendo conditions to explore kinematic and directional motor control strategies in percussion dynamics. Motion capture technology measured mallet and hand movements to analyze peak mallet/hand height and velocity for each stroke, as well as average mallet/hand position and velocity during upstrokes (mallet trajectory from playing surface to peak height) and downstrokes (trajectory from peak height to playing surface). These measures assessed execution and directional control, respectively. Results showed that peak mallet heights increased from notes 1–4 during crescendos and decreased over the same range during decrescendos, coinciding with increased and decreased peak hand velocity. During crescendos, the left mallet and hand were consistently elevated higher above the playing surface than the right. Within the right hand effects were localized to the velocity domain. For upstrokes, hand velocity was lower in crescendos versus decrescendos, while velocity was higher for downstrokes in crescendos. These findings indicate distinct motor control strategies contributing to the directional control and execution of sound-producing movements, emphasizing limb-specific mechanisms that could inform percussion pedagogy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
– Name: AbstractSuppliedCopyright
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  Data: <i>Copyright of Journal of Motor Behavior is the property of Taylor & Francis Ltd and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract.</i> (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
PLink https://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&site=eds-live&db=pbh&AN=189829922
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      – Type: doi
        Value: 10.1080/00222895.2025.2573323
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      – Code: eng
        Text: English
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        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Motion capture (Human mechanics)
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      – SubjectFull: Fine motor ability
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      – SubjectFull: Musical interpretation
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      – SubjectFull: Percussion music
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      – TitleFull: Unique Control of Upstrokes and Downstrokes Yields Expressive Dynamics in Percussion.
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              Text: 2025
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