QIR: a novel quaternion-based image representation for reversible image steganography.
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| Title: | QIR: a novel quaternion-based image representation for reversible image steganography. |
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| Authors: | Deepika, R. (AUTHOR), Thirugnanasambandam, Kalaipriyan (AUTHOR), Muthunagai, K. (AUTHOR) |
| Source: | Connection Science. Dec 2025, Vol. 37 Issue 1, p1-31. 31p. |
| Subjects: | Quaternions, Image representation, Quantum computing, Reversible data hiding (Computer science), Decoding algorithms, Cryptography, Signal-to-noise ratio |
| Abstract: | Image steganography involves concealing data within a digital image. Reversible steganography is considered as the complete restoration of the original image after the embedded secret data have been extracted. In this research work, a novel quaternion-based image representation technique is proposed for effective representation of images for processing it in quantum computational units. The proposed model is evaluated by implementing the representation of images for reversible image steganography where the images that are represented should be decrypted without loss. The images that were used in this study involve three different sizes $ 256 \times 256 $ 256 × 256 , $ 512 \times 512 $ 512 × 512 , $ 1024 \times 1024 $ 1024 × 1024. Here the numerical results of the proposed work shows that the average PSNR value of the original image to the stego image is 44 dB and the average PSNR value to the original image and quantum decrypted image using quaternion function is 74 dB approximately which is 40% greater than the previous quantum representation and the SSIM and MSE values obtained are 95% similar to the previous works. The importance of our contribution is the stego image which is represented using 3-D quaternion rotation undergoes a decryption using LSB–MSB technique which then recovers the original secret and cover image with minimum loss. This shows that the stego image is not affected by the proposed quantum representation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] |
| Copyright of Connection Science is the property of Taylor & Francis Ltd and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.) | |
| Database: | Psychology and Behavioral Sciences Collection |
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| Header | DbId: pbh DbLabel: Psychology and Behavioral Sciences Collection An: 190414850 AccessLevel: 6 PubType: Academic Journal PubTypeId: academicJournal PreciseRelevancyScore: 0 |
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| Items | – Name: Title Label: Title Group: Ti Data: QIR: a novel quaternion-based image representation for reversible image steganography. – Name: Author Label: Authors Group: Au Data: <searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Deepika%2C+R%2E%22">Deepika, R.</searchLink> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Thirugnanasambandam%2C+Kalaipriyan%22">Thirugnanasambandam, Kalaipriyan</searchLink> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Muthunagai%2C+K%2E%22">Muthunagai, K.</searchLink> (AUTHOR) – Name: TitleSource Label: Source Group: Src Data: <searchLink fieldCode="JN" term="%22Connection+Science%22">Connection Science</searchLink>. Dec 2025, Vol. 37 Issue 1, p1-31. 31p. – Name: Subject Label: Subjects Group: Su Data: <searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Quaternions%22">Quaternions</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Image+representation%22">Image representation</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Quantum+computing%22">Quantum computing</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Reversible+data+hiding+%28Computer+science%29%22">Reversible data hiding (Computer science)</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Decoding+algorithms%22">Decoding algorithms</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Cryptography%22">Cryptography</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Signal-to-noise+ratio%22">Signal-to-noise ratio</searchLink> – Name: Abstract Label: Abstract Group: Ab Data: Image steganography involves concealing data within a digital image. Reversible steganography is considered as the complete restoration of the original image after the embedded secret data have been extracted. In this research work, a novel quaternion-based image representation technique is proposed for effective representation of images for processing it in quantum computational units. The proposed model is evaluated by implementing the representation of images for reversible image steganography where the images that are represented should be decrypted without loss. The images that were used in this study involve three different sizes $ 256 \times 256 $ 256 × 256 , $ 512 \times 512 $ 512 × 512 , $ 1024 \times 1024 $ 1024 × 1024. Here the numerical results of the proposed work shows that the average PSNR value of the original image to the stego image is 44 dB and the average PSNR value to the original image and quantum decrypted image using quaternion function is 74 dB approximately which is 40% greater than the previous quantum representation and the SSIM and MSE values obtained are 95% similar to the previous works. The importance of our contribution is the stego image which is represented using 3-D quaternion rotation undergoes a decryption using LSB–MSB technique which then recovers the original secret and cover image with minimum loss. This shows that the stego image is not affected by the proposed quantum representation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] – Name: AbstractSuppliedCopyright Label: Group: Ab Data: <i>Copyright of Connection Science is the property of Taylor & Francis Ltd and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract.</i> (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.) |
| PLink | https://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&site=eds-live&db=pbh&AN=190414850 |
| RecordInfo | BibRecord: BibEntity: Identifiers: – Type: doi Value: 10.1080/09540091.2025.2507830 Languages: – Code: eng Text: English PhysicalDescription: Pagination: PageCount: 31 StartPage: 1 Subjects: – SubjectFull: Quaternions Type: general – SubjectFull: Image representation Type: general – SubjectFull: Quantum computing Type: general – SubjectFull: Reversible data hiding (Computer science) Type: general – SubjectFull: Decoding algorithms Type: general – SubjectFull: Cryptography Type: general – SubjectFull: Signal-to-noise ratio Type: general Titles: – TitleFull: QIR: a novel quaternion-based image representation for reversible image steganography. Type: main BibRelationships: HasContributorRelationships: – PersonEntity: Name: NameFull: Deepika, R. – PersonEntity: Name: NameFull: Thirugnanasambandam, Kalaipriyan – PersonEntity: Name: NameFull: Muthunagai, K. IsPartOfRelationships: – BibEntity: Dates: – D: 01 M: 12 Text: Dec 2025 Type: published Y: 2025 Identifiers: – Type: issn-print Value: 09540091 Numbering: – Type: volume Value: 37 – Type: issue Value: 1 Titles: – TitleFull: Connection Science Type: main |
| ResultId | 1 |
