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A boy with autism spectrum disorder with antibodies to the NMDA-type glutamate receptor: nine-year follow-up, changes in cognitive function.

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Title: A boy with autism spectrum disorder with antibodies to the NMDA-type glutamate receptor: nine-year follow-up, changes in cognitive function.
Authors: Takeuchi, Tomoko (AUTHOR), Enokizono, Takashi (AUTHOR), Tanaka, Mai (AUTHOR), Jin, Takayoshi (AUTHOR), Takahashi, Yukitoshi (AUTHOR), Takada, Hidetoshi (AUTHOR)
Source: Child Neuropsychology. Jan2026, Vol. 32 Issue 1, p127-134. 8p.
Subjects: Autism spectrum disorders, Methyl aspartate receptors, Intellectual development, Cognition disorders, Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder, Cerebrospinal fluid, Neuroimmunology, Treatment effectiveness
Abstract: Herein, we report a 12-year-old boy with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) who showed a cognitive decline at age 7 and tested positive for cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA)-type glutamate receptor (GluR) antibodies using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). His cognitive function developed between ages 3 and 5, reaching a total domain developmental quotient (DQ) of 61 on the revised Kyoto Scale of Psychological Development 2001. Despite multiple treatments, his total domain DQ declined to 21 at 10 years and 3 months of age and further to 16 at 12 years and 0 month. The child regressed in cognitive function, losing previously acquired knowledge and skills, resulting in an unbalanced profile. Previously recorded strengths, weaknesses, and preferences were no longer evident. The anti-NMDA-type GluR antibodies might hinder the regaining of cognitive functions once lost and the reconstruction of developmental characteristics in patients with ASD/ADHD. Patients with ASD and ADHD who test positive for NMDA-type GluR antibodies (ELISA) may not follow a typical clinical course. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Copyright of Child Neuropsychology is the property of Taylor & Francis Ltd and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
Database: Psychology and Behavioral Sciences Collection
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  Label: Title
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  Data: A boy with autism spectrum disorder with antibodies to the NMDA-type glutamate receptor: nine-year follow-up, changes in cognitive function.
– Name: Author
  Label: Authors
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Takeuchi%2C+Tomoko%22">Takeuchi, Tomoko</searchLink> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Enokizono%2C+Takashi%22">Enokizono, Takashi</searchLink> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Tanaka%2C+Mai%22">Tanaka, Mai</searchLink> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Jin%2C+Takayoshi%22">Jin, Takayoshi</searchLink> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Takahashi%2C+Yukitoshi%22">Takahashi, Yukitoshi</searchLink> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Takada%2C+Hidetoshi%22">Takada, Hidetoshi</searchLink> (AUTHOR)
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="JN" term="%22Child+Neuropsychology%22">Child Neuropsychology</searchLink>. Jan2026, Vol. 32 Issue 1, p127-134. 8p.
– Name: Subject
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Autism+spectrum+disorders%22">Autism spectrum disorders</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Methyl+aspartate+receptors%22">Methyl aspartate receptors</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Intellectual+development%22">Intellectual development</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Cognition+disorders%22">Cognition disorders</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Attention-deficit+hyperactivity+disorder%22">Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Cerebrospinal+fluid%22">Cerebrospinal fluid</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Neuroimmunology%22">Neuroimmunology</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Treatment+effectiveness%22">Treatment effectiveness</searchLink>
– Name: Abstract
  Label: Abstract
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  Data: Herein, we report a 12-year-old boy with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) who showed a cognitive decline at age 7 and tested positive for cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA)-type glutamate receptor (GluR) antibodies using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). His cognitive function developed between ages 3 and 5, reaching a total domain developmental quotient (DQ) of 61 on the revised Kyoto Scale of Psychological Development 2001. Despite multiple treatments, his total domain DQ declined to 21 at 10 years and 3 months of age and further to 16 at 12 years and 0 month. The child regressed in cognitive function, losing previously acquired knowledge and skills, resulting in an unbalanced profile. Previously recorded strengths, weaknesses, and preferences were no longer evident. The anti-NMDA-type GluR antibodies might hinder the regaining of cognitive functions once lost and the reconstruction of developmental characteristics in patients with ASD/ADHD. Patients with ASD and ADHD who test positive for NMDA-type GluR antibodies (ELISA) may not follow a typical clinical course. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
– Name: AbstractSuppliedCopyright
  Label:
  Group: Ab
  Data: <i>Copyright of Child Neuropsychology is the property of Taylor & Francis Ltd and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract.</i> (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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        Value: 10.1080/09297049.2025.2495232
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      – SubjectFull: Intellectual development
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      – SubjectFull: Treatment effectiveness
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      – TitleFull: A boy with autism spectrum disorder with antibodies to the NMDA-type glutamate receptor: nine-year follow-up, changes in cognitive function.
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              Text: Jan2026
              Type: published
              Y: 2026
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