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Unravelling the Link Between Body Mass Index and Cognitive Performance in Individuals With Bipolar Disorder and Exploration of PRS Moderation Effect: Findings From the PsyCourse Study.

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Title: Unravelling the Link Between Body Mass Index and Cognitive Performance in Individuals With Bipolar Disorder and Exploration of PRS Moderation Effect: Findings From the PsyCourse Study.
Authors: Solé, B. (AUTHOR), Montejo, L. (AUTHOR), Budde, M. (AUTHOR), Valentí, M. (AUTHOR), Borràs, R. (AUTHOR), Martín‐Parra, S. (AUTHOR), Ruiz, A. (AUTHOR), Martínez‐Aran, A. (AUTHOR), Adorjan, K. (AUTHOR), Heilbronner, M. (AUTHOR), Navarro‐Flores, A. (AUTHOR), Oraki Kohshour, M. (AUTHOR), Reich‐Erkelenz, D. (AUTHOR), Schulte, E. C. (AUTHOR), Senner, F. (AUTHOR), Anghelescu, I. G. (AUTHOR), Arolt, V. (AUTHOR), Baune, B. T. (AUTHOR), Dannlowski, U. (AUTHOR), Dietrich, D. E. (AUTHOR)
Source: Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica. Dec2025, Vol. 152 Issue 6, p451-461. 11p.
Subjects: Body mass index, Bipolar disorder, Genetic risk score, Cognitive ability, Cognitive processing speed, Metabolic disorders, Cognition disorders, Heredity
Abstract: Introduction: Bipolar disorder (BD) is a severe mental disorder characterized by extreme mood swings, often accompanied by metabolic comorbidities, such as cardiovascular disease, which increase mortality and reduce quality of life. Both metabolic dysfunctions and BD are associated with cognitive dysfunction. Body mass index (BMI) is closely linked to metabolic health and cognitive performance. This study examined the link between BMI and cognitive function in individuals with BD and how genetic factors, namely polygenic risk scores (PRS) for BD and BMI, might influence this link. Methods: Genetic (PRS scores) and phenotypic data (sociodemographic factors, clinical symptoms and cognitive function) of 341 adult patients with BD diagnosis from the PsyCourse Study, a large, multi‐site, and naturalistic longitudinal study, were utilized for this study. First, we performed univariate and multivariate regression analyses to investigate associations between BMI and cognitive performance. Second, moderation analyses were conducted to examine the potential moderator effects of BD‐PRS or BMI‐PRS in the relationship between BMI and different cognitive outcomes. Results: BMI was associated with processing speed (TMT‐A) and executive function (TMT‐B), with individuals with higher BMI showing poorer performance. Moderation analyses revealed that the effect of BMI on cognition was moderated by BD‐PRS only regarding the processing speed. BMI‐PRS did not moderate the association between BMI and cognitive variables. Conclusions: Our findings indicate that the relationship between BMI and cognitive impairment in BD is partially moderated by BD genetic liability but not by BMI genetic load. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Copyright of Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
Database: Psychology and Behavioral Sciences Collection
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  Data: Unravelling the Link Between Body Mass Index and Cognitive Performance in Individuals With Bipolar Disorder and Exploration of PRS Moderation Effect: Findings From the PsyCourse Study.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Solé%2C+B%2E%22">Solé, B.</searchLink> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Montejo%2C+L%2E%22">Montejo, L.</searchLink> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Budde%2C+M%2E%22">Budde, M.</searchLink> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Valentí%2C+M%2E%22">Valentí, M.</searchLink> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Borràs%2C+R%2E%22">Borràs, R.</searchLink> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Martín‐Parra%2C+S%2E%22">Martín‐Parra, S.</searchLink> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Ruiz%2C+A%2E%22">Ruiz, A.</searchLink> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Martínez‐Aran%2C+A%2E%22">Martínez‐Aran, A.</searchLink> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Adorjan%2C+K%2E%22">Adorjan, K.</searchLink> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Heilbronner%2C+M%2E%22">Heilbronner, M.</searchLink> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Navarro‐Flores%2C+A%2E%22">Navarro‐Flores, A.</searchLink> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Oraki+Kohshour%2C+M%2E%22">Oraki Kohshour, M.</searchLink> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Reich‐Erkelenz%2C+D%2E%22">Reich‐Erkelenz, D.</searchLink> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Schulte%2C+E%2E+C%2E%22">Schulte, E. C.</searchLink> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Senner%2C+F%2E%22">Senner, F.</searchLink> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Anghelescu%2C+I%2E+G%2E%22">Anghelescu, I. G.</searchLink> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Arolt%2C+V%2E%22">Arolt, V.</searchLink> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Baune%2C+B%2E+T%2E%22">Baune, B. T.</searchLink> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Dannlowski%2C+U%2E%22">Dannlowski, U.</searchLink> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Dietrich%2C+D%2E+E%2E%22">Dietrich, D. E.</searchLink> (AUTHOR)
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="JN" term="%22Acta+Psychiatrica+Scandinavica%22">Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica</searchLink>. Dec2025, Vol. 152 Issue 6, p451-461. 11p.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Body+mass+index%22">Body mass index</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Bipolar+disorder%22">Bipolar disorder</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Genetic+risk+score%22">Genetic risk score</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Cognitive+ability%22">Cognitive ability</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Cognitive+processing+speed%22">Cognitive processing speed</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Metabolic+disorders%22">Metabolic disorders</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Cognition+disorders%22">Cognition disorders</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Heredity%22">Heredity</searchLink>
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  Data: Introduction: Bipolar disorder (BD) is a severe mental disorder characterized by extreme mood swings, often accompanied by metabolic comorbidities, such as cardiovascular disease, which increase mortality and reduce quality of life. Both metabolic dysfunctions and BD are associated with cognitive dysfunction. Body mass index (BMI) is closely linked to metabolic health and cognitive performance. This study examined the link between BMI and cognitive function in individuals with BD and how genetic factors, namely polygenic risk scores (PRS) for BD and BMI, might influence this link. Methods: Genetic (PRS scores) and phenotypic data (sociodemographic factors, clinical symptoms and cognitive function) of 341 adult patients with BD diagnosis from the PsyCourse Study, a large, multi‐site, and naturalistic longitudinal study, were utilized for this study. First, we performed univariate and multivariate regression analyses to investigate associations between BMI and cognitive performance. Second, moderation analyses were conducted to examine the potential moderator effects of BD‐PRS or BMI‐PRS in the relationship between BMI and different cognitive outcomes. Results: BMI was associated with processing speed (TMT‐A) and executive function (TMT‐B), with individuals with higher BMI showing poorer performance. Moderation analyses revealed that the effect of BMI on cognition was moderated by BD‐PRS only regarding the processing speed. BMI‐PRS did not moderate the association between BMI and cognitive variables. Conclusions: Our findings indicate that the relationship between BMI and cognitive impairment in BD is partially moderated by BD genetic liability but not by BMI genetic load. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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  Data: <i>Copyright of Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract.</i> (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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