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A cross‐lagged panel model examining the longitudinal associations between maternal emotion regulation difficulties, parenting stress, and child socio‐emotional problems in toddlerhood.

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Title: A cross‐lagged panel model examining the longitudinal associations between maternal emotion regulation difficulties, parenting stress, and child socio‐emotional problems in toddlerhood.
Authors: Verhagen, Charlotte (AUTHOR), Duijndam, Stefanie (AUTHOR), Kupper, Nina (AUTHOR), Lodder, Paul (AUTHOR), Boekhorst, Myrthe (AUTHOR)
Source: Infant Mental Health Journal. Jan2026, Vol. 47 Issue 1, p1-13. 13p.
Subjects: Emotional problems of children, Parenting, Longitudinal method, Psychological well-being, Social influence, Parent-child relationships, Infants, Psychological stress
Abstract: In toddlerhood, parents play a crucial role in supporting the socio‐emotional development of children through their parenting behaviors. Certain parental risk factors, such as emotion regulation difficulties and parenting stress, have been found to be related to both parenting practices and child outcomes. As the interplay between these risk factors and their associations with child socio‐emotional problems can change across toddlerhood, the aim of this study was to investigate the longitudinal, bidirectional associations of parenting stress and maternal emotion regulation difficulties with child socio‐emotional problems. This study included 360 mothers from the Southern regions of the Netherlands (Mage = 31.4, 90.7% Dutch, 81.4% completed university) who completed questionnaires biannually (Jan 2021–May 2024) within the first 3 years postpartum, as part of a longitudinal birth cohort. Cross‐lagged path analyses indicated a bidirectional relation between maternal emotion regulation difficulties and socio‐emotional problems over time, and a unidirectional relation between early child problems and later parenting stress. The findings illustrate how parents and children can influence each other's emotional well‐being in toddlerhood. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Copyright of Infant Mental Health Journal is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
Database: Psychology and Behavioral Sciences Collection
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  Availability: 0
Header DbId: pbh
DbLabel: Psychology and Behavioral Sciences Collection
An: 190817935
AccessLevel: 6
PubType: Academic Journal
PubTypeId: academicJournal
PreciseRelevancyScore: 0
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  Data: A cross‐lagged panel model examining the longitudinal associations between maternal emotion regulation difficulties, parenting stress, and child socio‐emotional problems in toddlerhood.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Verhagen%2C+Charlotte%22">Verhagen, Charlotte</searchLink> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Duijndam%2C+Stefanie%22">Duijndam, Stefanie</searchLink> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Kupper%2C+Nina%22">Kupper, Nina</searchLink> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Lodder%2C+Paul%22">Lodder, Paul</searchLink> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Boekhorst%2C+Myrthe%22">Boekhorst, Myrthe</searchLink> (AUTHOR)
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="JN" term="%22Infant+Mental+Health+Journal%22">Infant Mental Health Journal</searchLink>. Jan2026, Vol. 47 Issue 1, p1-13. 13p.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Emotional+problems+of+children%22">Emotional problems of children</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Parenting%22">Parenting</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Longitudinal+method%22">Longitudinal method</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Psychological+well-being%22">Psychological well-being</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Social+influence%22">Social influence</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Parent-child+relationships%22">Parent-child relationships</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Infants%22">Infants</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Psychological+stress%22">Psychological stress</searchLink>
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  Label: Abstract
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  Data: In toddlerhood, parents play a crucial role in supporting the socio‐emotional development of children through their parenting behaviors. Certain parental risk factors, such as emotion regulation difficulties and parenting stress, have been found to be related to both parenting practices and child outcomes. As the interplay between these risk factors and their associations with child socio‐emotional problems can change across toddlerhood, the aim of this study was to investigate the longitudinal, bidirectional associations of parenting stress and maternal emotion regulation difficulties with child socio‐emotional problems. This study included 360 mothers from the Southern regions of the Netherlands (Mage = 31.4, 90.7% Dutch, 81.4% completed university) who completed questionnaires biannually (Jan 2021–May 2024) within the first 3 years postpartum, as part of a longitudinal birth cohort. Cross‐lagged path analyses indicated a bidirectional relation between maternal emotion regulation difficulties and socio‐emotional problems over time, and a unidirectional relation between early child problems and later parenting stress. The findings illustrate how parents and children can influence each other's emotional well‐being in toddlerhood. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
– Name: AbstractSuppliedCopyright
  Label:
  Group: Ab
  Data: <i>Copyright of Infant Mental Health Journal is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract.</i> (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
PLink https://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&site=eds-live&db=pbh&AN=190817935
RecordInfo BibRecord:
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    Identifiers:
      – Type: doi
        Value: 10.1002/imhj.70051
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      – Code: eng
        Text: English
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        PageCount: 13
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      – SubjectFull: Emotional problems of children
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Parenting
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Longitudinal method
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      – SubjectFull: Psychological well-being
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      – SubjectFull: Social influence
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      – SubjectFull: Parent-child relationships
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      – SubjectFull: Infants
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      – SubjectFull: Psychological stress
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          Name:
            NameFull: Verhagen, Charlotte
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            NameFull: Duijndam, Stefanie
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            NameFull: Kupper, Nina
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              M: 01
              Text: Jan2026
              Type: published
              Y: 2026
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              Value: 47
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