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The use of process measures in studies investigating effects of psychotherapy for depressive symptoms following acquired brain injury: A scoping review.

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Title: The use of process measures in studies investigating effects of psychotherapy for depressive symptoms following acquired brain injury: A scoping review.
Authors: Domensino, Anne-Fleur (AUTHOR), Rauwenhoff, Johanne (AUTHOR), de Kock, Hannes (AUTHOR), Aarts, Elyan (AUTHOR), Dijkstra, Jeanette (AUTHOR), van Heugten, Caroline (AUTHOR), Winkens, Ieke (AUTHOR)
Source: Neuropsychological Rehabilitation. Jan2026, Vol. 36 Issue 1, p184-221. 38p.
Subjects: Psychotherapy, Problem-solving therapy, Clinical trials, Mental depression, Brain injuries, Cognitive therapy, Compassion-focused therapy
Abstract: Persons with acquired brain injury (ABI) often experience mood problems like depression. While psychotherapy is widely accepted for managing depression in populations without ABI, its effectiveness for post-ABI depression is uncertain. The working mechanisms of psychotherapy in persons with ABI may differ from idiopathic depression. This scoping review aimed to identify studies on psychotherapeutic interventions for post-ABI depression, assess the use of process measures (instruments measuring the mechanisms of psychotherapy), and report effects on both process and primary outcome measures. In the 47 included studies, Cognitive Behavioural Therapy, Problem Solving Therapy, and Third-Wave Therapies were most frequently investigated. Results indicated that less than half of the studies implemented a process measure. Studies into Third-Wave Therapies most frequently implemented process measures. Around half of the studies found significant time or interaction effects on the process measure, while not necessarily finding effects on outcome measures for depression. Moreover, the review could not identify a specific type of intervention effective in improving depressive symptoms and the underlying process. Our findings emphasize that it is still unclear which psychotherapy works for whom, and how. To enhance understanding of effective interventions for post-ABI depression, it is crucial to incorporate process measures in future intervention studies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Copyright of Neuropsychological Rehabilitation is the property of Taylor & Francis Ltd and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
Database: Psychology and Behavioral Sciences Collection
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  Data: The use of process measures in studies investigating effects of psychotherapy for depressive symptoms following acquired brain injury: A scoping review.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="JN" term="%22Neuropsychological+Rehabilitation%22">Neuropsychological Rehabilitation</searchLink>. Jan2026, Vol. 36 Issue 1, p184-221. 38p.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Psychotherapy%22">Psychotherapy</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Problem-solving+therapy%22">Problem-solving therapy</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Clinical+trials%22">Clinical trials</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Mental+depression%22">Mental depression</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Brain+injuries%22">Brain injuries</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Cognitive+therapy%22">Cognitive therapy</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Compassion-focused+therapy%22">Compassion-focused therapy</searchLink>
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  Data: Persons with acquired brain injury (ABI) often experience mood problems like depression. While psychotherapy is widely accepted for managing depression in populations without ABI, its effectiveness for post-ABI depression is uncertain. The working mechanisms of psychotherapy in persons with ABI may differ from idiopathic depression. This scoping review aimed to identify studies on psychotherapeutic interventions for post-ABI depression, assess the use of process measures (instruments measuring the mechanisms of psychotherapy), and report effects on both process and primary outcome measures. In the 47 included studies, Cognitive Behavioural Therapy, Problem Solving Therapy, and Third-Wave Therapies were most frequently investigated. Results indicated that less than half of the studies implemented a process measure. Studies into Third-Wave Therapies most frequently implemented process measures. Around half of the studies found significant time or interaction effects on the process measure, while not necessarily finding effects on outcome measures for depression. Moreover, the review could not identify a specific type of intervention effective in improving depressive symptoms and the underlying process. Our findings emphasize that it is still unclear which psychotherapy works for whom, and how. To enhance understanding of effective interventions for post-ABI depression, it is crucial to incorporate process measures in future intervention studies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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  Data: <i>Copyright of Neuropsychological Rehabilitation is the property of Taylor & Francis Ltd and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract.</i> (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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              Text: Jan2026
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