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Assessing validity and reliability of the Benefit Finding Scale in Italian people with multiple sclerosis and their caregivers.

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Title: Assessing validity and reliability of the Benefit Finding Scale in Italian people with multiple sclerosis and their caregivers.
Authors: Giordano, Andrea (AUTHOR), Rosato, Rosalba (AUTHOR), Biolzi, Beatrice (AUTHOR), Chisari, Clara Grazia (AUTHOR), Falautano, Monica (AUTHOR), Grobberio, Monica (AUTHOR), Niccolai, Claudia (AUTHOR), Pietrolongo, Erika (AUTHOR), Quartuccio, Maria Esmeralda (AUTHOR), Viterbo, Rosa Gemma (AUTHOR), Fave, Antonella Delle (AUTHOR), Bassi, Marta (AUTHOR)
Source: Neurological Sciences. Feb2026, Vol. 47 Issue 2, p1-9. 9p.
Abstract: Background: The Benefit Finding Scale (BFS) is a 17-item measure assessing the perception of positive contributions to one’s life deriving from stressful and life-threatening conditions such as illnesses. We aimed to investigate construct validity (structural validity, measurement invariance between sub-samples, and convergent/divergent validity) and reliability (internal consistency) of the Italian version of the BFS in persons with multiple sclerosis (PwMS) and their caregivers. Methods: We used confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) to assess structural validity in terms of the proposed three-factor structure of the BFS. We performed multi-group CFA to assess measurement invariance between PwMS and their caregivers. To assess convergent/divergent validity, we calculated correlations of the BFS subscales with instruments measuring affect (PANAS), life satisfaction (SWLS), social support (MSPSS), depression (BDI-II), and quality of life (SF-36 and MSQoL-54). To appraise internal consistency, we calculated Cronbach’s alpha. Results: A total of 1359 PwMS and their caregivers completed the study. The three-factor structure of the BFS showed good fit (RMSEA 0.06; CFI 0.92; SRMR 0.05). Configural, metric and scalar invariance were confirmed. Convergent/divergent validity was supported. The BFS showed good internal consistency for ‘Acceptance and adjustment’ (alpha 0.82), ‘Family relations and sense of connectedness’ (alpha 0.84) and ‘Personal growth and authenticity’ (alpha 0.85). Conclusions: Results support the BFS as a valid and invariant three-factor measure of benefit finding among Italian PwMS and their caregivers. This scale use in clinical practice could help health professionals track participants’ experience of positive changes under adverse circumstances, as assets in managing stress and promoting illness adjustment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Copyright of Neurological Sciences is the property of Springer Nature and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
Database: Psychology and Behavioral Sciences Collection
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  Data: Assessing validity and reliability of the Benefit Finding Scale in Italian people with multiple sclerosis and their caregivers.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Giordano%2C+Andrea%22">Giordano, Andrea</searchLink> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Rosato%2C+Rosalba%22">Rosato, Rosalba</searchLink> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Biolzi%2C+Beatrice%22">Biolzi, Beatrice</searchLink> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Chisari%2C+Clara+Grazia%22">Chisari, Clara Grazia</searchLink> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Falautano%2C+Monica%22">Falautano, Monica</searchLink> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Grobberio%2C+Monica%22">Grobberio, Monica</searchLink> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Niccolai%2C+Claudia%22">Niccolai, Claudia</searchLink> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Pietrolongo%2C+Erika%22">Pietrolongo, Erika</searchLink> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Quartuccio%2C+Maria+Esmeralda%22">Quartuccio, Maria Esmeralda</searchLink> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Viterbo%2C+Rosa+Gemma%22">Viterbo, Rosa Gemma</searchLink> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Fave%2C+Antonella+Delle%22">Fave, Antonella Delle</searchLink> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Bassi%2C+Marta%22">Bassi, Marta</searchLink> (AUTHOR)
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="JN" term="%22Neurological+Sciences%22">Neurological Sciences</searchLink>. Feb2026, Vol. 47 Issue 2, p1-9. 9p.
– Name: Abstract
  Label: Abstract
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  Data: Background: The Benefit Finding Scale (BFS) is a 17-item measure assessing the perception of positive contributions to one’s life deriving from stressful and life-threatening conditions such as illnesses. We aimed to investigate construct validity (structural validity, measurement invariance between sub-samples, and convergent/divergent validity) and reliability (internal consistency) of the Italian version of the BFS in persons with multiple sclerosis (PwMS) and their caregivers. Methods: We used confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) to assess structural validity in terms of the proposed three-factor structure of the BFS. We performed multi-group CFA to assess measurement invariance between PwMS and their caregivers. To assess convergent/divergent validity, we calculated correlations of the BFS subscales with instruments measuring affect (PANAS), life satisfaction (SWLS), social support (MSPSS), depression (BDI-II), and quality of life (SF-36 and MSQoL-54). To appraise internal consistency, we calculated Cronbach’s alpha. Results: A total of 1359 PwMS and their caregivers completed the study. The three-factor structure of the BFS showed good fit (RMSEA 0.06; CFI 0.92; SRMR 0.05). Configural, metric and scalar invariance were confirmed. Convergent/divergent validity was supported. The BFS showed good internal consistency for ‘Acceptance and adjustment’ (alpha 0.82), ‘Family relations and sense of connectedness’ (alpha 0.84) and ‘Personal growth and authenticity’ (alpha 0.85). Conclusions: Results support the BFS as a valid and invariant three-factor measure of benefit finding among Italian PwMS and their caregivers. This scale use in clinical practice could help health professionals track participants’ experience of positive changes under adverse circumstances, as assets in managing stress and promoting illness adjustment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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  Data: <i>Copyright of Neurological Sciences is the property of Springer Nature and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract.</i> (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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