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Early Cues from Parent–Child Interaction: Comparisons Among Young Children Diagnosed with Autism Spectrum Disorder and Developmental Language Disorder and Children not Diagnosed with a Disability.

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Title: Early Cues from Parent–Child Interaction: Comparisons Among Young Children Diagnosed with Autism Spectrum Disorder and Developmental Language Disorder and Children not Diagnosed with a Disability.
Authors: Zhu, Zhu (AUTHOR), Ding, Xiaojiao (AUTHOR), Tong, Lian (AUTHOR)
Source: Journal of Autism & Developmental Disorders. Feb2026, Vol. 56 Issue 2, p671-683. 13p.
Subjects: Diagnosis of autism, Language disorder diagnosis, Empathy, Emotion regulation, Motor ability, Prompts (Psychology), Research funding, T-test (Statistics), Autonomy (Psychology), Parent-child relationships, Participant observation, Sex distribution, Descriptive statistics, Chi-squared test, Parenting, Age distribution, Classification of mental disorders, Communication, One-way analysis of variance, Social skills, Personality, Asperger's syndrome, Early diagnosis, Data analysis software, Video recording, Child behavior, Children
Geographic Terms: China
Abstract: Over the past ten years, there has been a significant improvement in the sensibility and specificity of the earlier diagnosis of ASD. However, parenting traits were relatively explored among children with different disabilities. We aimed to clarify the characteristics of parent–child interaction among children with ASD and DLD, compared with children not diagnosed with a disability. The study recruited 280 children aged 1.5−3.9 years (30 children with ASD, 48 children with DLD, and 202 TD children) and their primary caregivers. Parent–child interaction was measured based on video recordings and observation. One-way ANOVA was used for the comparison of IRS-C scores among the three groups, and the t-test was used for pairwise comparisons; effect size was also calculated. Children's age and sex were further considered as grouping category in our analyses. All comparison models were adjusted by demographic background (i.e. child age and sex, sibling, main caregiver, mother education, and family annual income). Children with ASD showed the lowest level of general social competence compared to children with DLD (d = 1.298, P < 0.001) and TD group (d = 1.833, P < 0.001). Children with DLD showed less responsiveness (d = 0.780, P < 0.001) and less empathy (d = 0.706, P < 0.001) than TD children. Caregivers of children with ASD also showed the lowest level of parenting attributes relative to caregivers of children with DLD (d = 0.978, P < 0.001) and caregivers of TD children (d = 0.860, P < 0.001). The child- and parent-related traits also varied by child age and sex. We posit that parent–child interaction necessitates greater attention with respect to early screening and identification. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Copyright of Journal of Autism & Developmental Disorders is the property of Springer Nature and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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  Data: Early Cues from Parent–Child Interaction: Comparisons Among Young Children Diagnosed with Autism Spectrum Disorder and Developmental Language Disorder and Children not Diagnosed with a Disability.
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  Data: Over the past ten years, there has been a significant improvement in the sensibility and specificity of the earlier diagnosis of ASD. However, parenting traits were relatively explored among children with different disabilities. We aimed to clarify the characteristics of parent–child interaction among children with ASD and DLD, compared with children not diagnosed with a disability. The study recruited 280 children aged 1.5−3.9 years (30 children with ASD, 48 children with DLD, and 202 TD children) and their primary caregivers. Parent–child interaction was measured based on video recordings and observation. One-way ANOVA was used for the comparison of IRS-C scores among the three groups, and the t-test was used for pairwise comparisons; effect size was also calculated. Children&#39;s age and sex were further considered as grouping category in our analyses. All comparison models were adjusted by demographic background (i.e. child age and sex, sibling, main caregiver, mother education, and family annual income). Children with ASD showed the lowest level of general social competence compared to children with DLD (d = 1.298, P &lt; 0.001) and TD group (d = 1.833, P &lt; 0.001). Children with DLD showed less responsiveness (d = 0.780, P &lt; 0.001) and less empathy (d = 0.706, P &lt; 0.001) than TD children. Caregivers of children with ASD also showed the lowest level of parenting attributes relative to caregivers of children with DLD (d = 0.978, P &lt; 0.001) and caregivers of TD children (d = 0.860, P &lt; 0.001). The child- and parent-related traits also varied by child age and sex. We posit that parent–child interaction necessitates greater attention with respect to early screening and identification. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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  Data: &lt;i&gt;Copyright of Journal of Autism &amp; Developmental Disorders is the property of Springer Nature and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder&#39;s express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract.&lt;/i&gt; (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
PLink https://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&site=eds-live&db=pbh&AN=191290393
RecordInfo BibRecord:
  BibEntity:
    Identifiers:
      – Type: doi
        Value: 10.1007/s10803-024-06589-8
    Languages:
      – Code: eng
        Text: English
    PhysicalDescription:
      Pagination:
        PageCount: 13
        StartPage: 671
    Subjects:
      – SubjectFull: Diagnosis of autism
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Language disorder diagnosis
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Empathy
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Emotion regulation
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Motor ability
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Prompts (Psychology)
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Research funding
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: T-test (Statistics)
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Autonomy (Psychology)
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Parent-child relationships
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Participant observation
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Sex distribution
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Descriptive statistics
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Chi-squared test
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      – SubjectFull: Parenting
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Age distribution
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Classification of mental disorders
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Communication
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: One-way analysis of variance
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Social skills
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Personality
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Asperger's syndrome
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Early diagnosis
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Data analysis software
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Video recording
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      – SubjectFull: Child behavior
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Children
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: China
        Type: general
    Titles:
      – TitleFull: Early Cues from Parent–Child Interaction: Comparisons Among Young Children Diagnosed with Autism Spectrum Disorder and Developmental Language Disorder and Children not Diagnosed with a Disability.
        Type: main
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            NameFull: Zhu, Zhu
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            NameFull: Ding, Xiaojiao
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            NameFull: Tong, Lian
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            – D: 01
              M: 02
              Text: Feb2026
              Type: published
              Y: 2026
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            – TitleFull: Journal of Autism & Developmental Disorders
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