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Association Between Depressive Symptoms and Insulin Resistance and the Impact of the Menopausal Transition.

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Title: Association Between Depressive Symptoms and Insulin Resistance and the Impact of the Menopausal Transition.
Authors: Chen, Yuqing (AUTHOR), Brooks, Maria M. (AUTHOR), El Khoudary, Samar R. (AUTHOR), Thurston, Rebecca C. (AUTHOR), Colvin, Alicia B. (AUTHOR)
Source: Journal of Women's Health (15409996). Jan2026, Vol. 35 Issue 2, p152-162. 11p.
Subjects: Risk assessment, Research funding, Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale, Menopause, Descriptive statistics, Multivariate analysis, Age distribution, Insulin resistance, Longitudinal method, Race, Data analysis software, Confidence intervals, Mental depression, Disease risk factors
Abstract: Context: Recent meta-analyses and cross-sectional studies propose that insulin resistance (IR) is not a lasting feature of depression. However, longitudinal evidence is lacking, particularly in midlife women across menopause and ethnically diverse cohorts. Objective: To assess the longitudinal association between depressive symptoms and IR among midlife women and determine if this association varies by menopausal status and ethnicity. Methods: The study population comprised 2,829 White, Black, Hispanic, Chinese, and Japanese women from the Study of Women's Health Across the Nation followed for approximately 20 years. Depressive symptoms were assessed with the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression (CES-D) scale, and IR was obtained from the Homeostatic Model Assessment for Insulin Resistance (HOMA-IR). Linear mixed-effects modeling was used to estimate the association between depressive symptoms (CES-D score ≥16, indicating risk for clinical depression) and HOMA-IR, adjusting for important confounders. Results: In multivariable analyses simultaneously including current depressive symptoms and depressive symptoms from the prior visit in the model, the estimated effect of current CES-D score ≥16, but not prior CES-D score ≥16, was statistically significantly associated with higher log-HOMA-IR levels (β = 0.03, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.01, 0.06). The relationship between current depressive symptoms and IR was strongest among Hispanic women (interaction p = 0.005; β = 0.18, 95% CI: 0.08, 0.27). Conclusion: Current reporting of CES-D score ≥16, but not prior reporting, was associated with elevated IR over time among midlife women. This study provides longitudinal evidence in support of IR as a temporary feature of depression. Moreover, the results suggest that Hispanic women with higher depressive symptoms may be particularly susceptible to IR. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Copyright of Journal of Women's Health (15409996) is the property of Mary Ann Liebert, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
Database: Psychology and Behavioral Sciences Collection
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  Label: Title
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  Data: Association Between Depressive Symptoms and Insulin Resistance and the Impact of the Menopausal Transition.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Chen%2C+Yuqing%22">Chen, Yuqing</searchLink> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Brooks%2C+Maria+M%2E%22">Brooks, Maria M.</searchLink> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22El+Khoudary%2C+Samar+R%2E%22">El Khoudary, Samar R.</searchLink> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Thurston%2C+Rebecca+C%2E%22">Thurston, Rebecca C.</searchLink> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Colvin%2C+Alicia+B%2E%22">Colvin, Alicia B.</searchLink> (AUTHOR)
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="JN" term="%22Journal+of+Women's+Health+%2815409996%29%22">Journal of Women's Health (15409996)</searchLink>. Jan2026, Vol. 35 Issue 2, p152-162. 11p.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Risk+assessment%22">Risk assessment</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Research+funding%22">Research funding</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Center+for+Epidemiologic+Studies+Depression+Scale%22">Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Menopause%22">Menopause</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Descriptive+statistics%22">Descriptive statistics</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Multivariate+analysis%22">Multivariate analysis</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Age+distribution%22">Age distribution</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Insulin+resistance%22">Insulin resistance</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Longitudinal+method%22">Longitudinal method</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Race%22">Race</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Data+analysis+software%22">Data analysis software</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Confidence+intervals%22">Confidence intervals</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Mental+depression%22">Mental depression</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Disease+risk+factors%22">Disease risk factors</searchLink>
– Name: Abstract
  Label: Abstract
  Group: Ab
  Data: Context: Recent meta-analyses and cross-sectional studies propose that insulin resistance (IR) is not a lasting feature of depression. However, longitudinal evidence is lacking, particularly in midlife women across menopause and ethnically diverse cohorts. Objective: To assess the longitudinal association between depressive symptoms and IR among midlife women and determine if this association varies by menopausal status and ethnicity. Methods: The study population comprised 2,829 White, Black, Hispanic, Chinese, and Japanese women from the Study of Women's Health Across the Nation followed for approximately 20 years. Depressive symptoms were assessed with the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression (CES-D) scale, and IR was obtained from the Homeostatic Model Assessment for Insulin Resistance (HOMA-IR). Linear mixed-effects modeling was used to estimate the association between depressive symptoms (CES-D score ≥16, indicating risk for clinical depression) and HOMA-IR, adjusting for important confounders. Results: In multivariable analyses simultaneously including current depressive symptoms and depressive symptoms from the prior visit in the model, the estimated effect of current CES-D score ≥16, but not prior CES-D score ≥16, was statistically significantly associated with higher log-HOMA-IR levels (β = 0.03, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.01, 0.06). The relationship between current depressive symptoms and IR was strongest among Hispanic women (interaction p = 0.005; β = 0.18, 95% CI: 0.08, 0.27). Conclusion: Current reporting of CES-D score ≥16, but not prior reporting, was associated with elevated IR over time among midlife women. This study provides longitudinal evidence in support of IR as a temporary feature of depression. Moreover, the results suggest that Hispanic women with higher depressive symptoms may be particularly susceptible to IR. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
– Name: AbstractSuppliedCopyright
  Label:
  Group: Ab
  Data: <i>Copyright of Journal of Women's Health (15409996) is the property of Mary Ann Liebert, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract.</i> (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
PLink https://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&site=eds-live&db=pbh&AN=191331089
RecordInfo BibRecord:
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      – Type: doi
        Value: 10.1177/15409996251379406
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      – Code: eng
        Text: English
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        PageCount: 11
        StartPage: 152
    Subjects:
      – SubjectFull: Risk assessment
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Research funding
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Menopause
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Descriptive statistics
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Multivariate analysis
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Age distribution
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Insulin resistance
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Longitudinal method
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      – SubjectFull: Race
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Data analysis software
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      – SubjectFull: Confidence intervals
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      – SubjectFull: Mental depression
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      – SubjectFull: Disease risk factors
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      – TitleFull: Association Between Depressive Symptoms and Insulin Resistance and the Impact of the Menopausal Transition.
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              Text: Jan2026
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              Y: 2026
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