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Adult Children's Monitoring Their Older Parents' Lives.

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Title: Adult Children's Monitoring Their Older Parents' Lives.
Authors: Toyokawa, Noriko (AUTHOR), Darling, Nancy (AUTHOR), Toyokawa, Teru (AUTHOR)
Source: Journal of Adult Development. Mar2026, Vol. 33 Issue 1, p80-93. 14p.
Subjects: Attitudes toward aging, Abuse of older people, Health status indicators, Risk-taking behavior, Sex distribution, Age distribution, Functional status, Emotions, Social role, Descriptive statistics, Structural equation modeling, Psychology of parents, Psychology of caregivers, Factor analysis, Social support, Data analysis software, Confidence intervals, Psychology of adult children, Intergenerational relations
Abstract: Adult children's monitoring of their older parents' lives can cause tension in the relationship. The goal of this paper is to better understand 1) adult children's beliefs about what areas of their parents' lives they are obligated to monitor, 2) how adult children's beliefs about monitoring processes vary with age, gender, parent functioning, and contact, and 3) the association between monitoring processes and adult children's feelings towards their parents. It extends the literature on monitoring processes during later adulthood by distinguishing between older children's beliefs that they should monitor their parents, their knowledge of their parents' lives, and their beliefs about the extent to which parents are transparent in sharing information. Three hundred and eighty-one adult children in the United States completed a cross-sectional online survey. All respondents had at least one living parent with whom they were in contact at least once a month (N = 381, Mage = 60.03, SD = 7.67, age range = 45–74, 64% female, 85% White). A principal component analysis identified three areas adult children felt obligated to monitor: risk of exploitation, medical risk, and risk behaviors. Perceived monitoring responsibility and lack of parent transparency predicted fewer positive feelings and more negative and ambivalent feelings towards parents. Adult children who believed their parents were less transparent had less positive feelings and more negative and ambivalent feelings about their parents. More knowledge was associated with positive but not negative feelings or ambivalence. These results highlight the importance of understanding monitoring as a communication process. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Copyright of Journal of Adult Development is the property of Springer Nature and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
Database: Psychology and Behavioral Sciences Collection
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  Data: Adult Children's Monitoring Their Older Parents' Lives.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Toyokawa%2C+Noriko%22">Toyokawa, Noriko</searchLink> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Darling%2C+Nancy%22">Darling, Nancy</searchLink> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Toyokawa%2C+Teru%22">Toyokawa, Teru</searchLink> (AUTHOR)
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="JN" term="%22Journal+of+Adult+Development%22">Journal of Adult Development</searchLink>. Mar2026, Vol. 33 Issue 1, p80-93. 14p.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Attitudes+toward+aging%22">Attitudes toward aging</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Abuse+of+older+people%22">Abuse of older people</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Health+status+indicators%22">Health status indicators</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Risk-taking+behavior%22">Risk-taking behavior</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Sex+distribution%22">Sex distribution</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Age+distribution%22">Age distribution</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Functional+status%22">Functional status</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Emotions%22">Emotions</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Social+role%22">Social role</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Descriptive+statistics%22">Descriptive statistics</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Structural+equation+modeling%22">Structural equation modeling</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Psychology+of+parents%22">Psychology of parents</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Psychology+of+caregivers%22">Psychology of caregivers</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Factor+analysis%22">Factor analysis</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Social+support%22">Social support</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Data+analysis+software%22">Data analysis software</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Confidence+intervals%22">Confidence intervals</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Psychology+of+adult+children%22">Psychology of adult children</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Intergenerational+relations%22">Intergenerational relations</searchLink>
– Name: Abstract
  Label: Abstract
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  Data: Adult children's monitoring of their older parents' lives can cause tension in the relationship. The goal of this paper is to better understand 1) adult children's beliefs about what areas of their parents' lives they are obligated to monitor, 2) how adult children's beliefs about monitoring processes vary with age, gender, parent functioning, and contact, and 3) the association between monitoring processes and adult children's feelings towards their parents. It extends the literature on monitoring processes during later adulthood by distinguishing between older children's beliefs that they should monitor their parents, their knowledge of their parents' lives, and their beliefs about the extent to which parents are transparent in sharing information. Three hundred and eighty-one adult children in the United States completed a cross-sectional online survey. All respondents had at least one living parent with whom they were in contact at least once a month (N = 381, Mage = 60.03, SD = 7.67, age range = 45–74, 64% female, 85% White). A principal component analysis identified three areas adult children felt obligated to monitor: risk of exploitation, medical risk, and risk behaviors. Perceived monitoring responsibility and lack of parent transparency predicted fewer positive feelings and more negative and ambivalent feelings towards parents. Adult children who believed their parents were less transparent had less positive feelings and more negative and ambivalent feelings about their parents. More knowledge was associated with positive but not negative feelings or ambivalence. These results highlight the importance of understanding monitoring as a communication process. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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  Data: <i>Copyright of Journal of Adult Development is the property of Springer Nature and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract.</i> (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
PLink https://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&site=eds-live&db=pbh&AN=191805967
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      – Type: doi
        Value: 10.1007/s10804-025-09519-9
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      – Code: eng
        Text: English
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      Pagination:
        PageCount: 14
        StartPage: 80
    Subjects:
      – SubjectFull: Attitudes toward aging
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Abuse of older people
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Health status indicators
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Risk-taking behavior
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Sex distribution
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Age distribution
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Functional status
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Emotions
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Social role
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Descriptive statistics
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Structural equation modeling
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Psychology of parents
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Psychology of caregivers
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Factor analysis
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Social support
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Data analysis software
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Confidence intervals
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Psychology of adult children
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Intergenerational relations
        Type: general
    Titles:
      – TitleFull: Adult Children's Monitoring Their Older Parents' Lives.
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            NameFull: Toyokawa, Noriko
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            NameFull: Darling, Nancy
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            NameFull: Toyokawa, Teru
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            – D: 01
              M: 03
              Text: Mar2026
              Type: published
              Y: 2026
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