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Disorganisation and depression: a re-examination of how we think and speak when depressed.

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Title: Disorganisation and depression: a re-examination of how we think and speak when depressed.
Authors: Palaniyappan, Lena (AUTHOR), Wang, Yingqi Laetitia (AUTHOR), Meister, Fiona (AUTHOR)
Source: European Archives of Psychiatry & Clinical Neuroscience. Mar2026, Vol. 276 Issue 2, p435-450. 16p.
Subjects: Mental depression, Language disorders, Social skills, Large-scale brain networks, Cognition disorders, Mental illness, Pathological psychology
Abstract: Disorganised thinking in severe mental illness seriously cripples social functions. Historically, the study of disorganisation has primarily concentrated on schizophrenia, utilizing tools designed to assess formal thought disorder (FTD). This review examines the characteristics, prevalence, and possible neural correlates of FTD within the framework of depressive disorders. Our focus is on disturbances in thought, language, and communication associated with depression, alongside the relevant subjective experiences. We also discuss the challenges and opportunities in using FTD as a predictor of future illness trajectory and advocate for using the broader construct of depressive disorganisation. We review the disruption of brain networks associated with FTD, such as the salience, language, and default mode networks, within the context of depression. In conclusion, we advocate for increased focus on personal narratives, computational psychopathology, and a broader emphasis on thought dynamics to enhance the identification of disorganisation in depression. Renewed emphasis on this neglected area of psychopathology could provide insights on improving employment and social functioning for individuals affected by mood disorders. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Copyright of European Archives of Psychiatry & Clinical Neuroscience is the property of Springer Nature and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
Database: Psychology and Behavioral Sciences Collection
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  Data: Disorganisation and depression: a re-examination of how we think and speak when depressed.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Palaniyappan%2C+Lena%22">Palaniyappan, Lena</searchLink> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Wang%2C+Yingqi+Laetitia%22">Wang, Yingqi Laetitia</searchLink> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Meister%2C+Fiona%22">Meister, Fiona</searchLink> (AUTHOR)
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="JN" term="%22European+Archives+of+Psychiatry+%26+Clinical+Neuroscience%22">European Archives of Psychiatry & Clinical Neuroscience</searchLink>. Mar2026, Vol. 276 Issue 2, p435-450. 16p.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Mental+depression%22">Mental depression</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Language+disorders%22">Language disorders</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Social+skills%22">Social skills</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Large-scale+brain+networks%22">Large-scale brain networks</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Cognition+disorders%22">Cognition disorders</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Mental+illness%22">Mental illness</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Pathological+psychology%22">Pathological psychology</searchLink>
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  Data: Disorganised thinking in severe mental illness seriously cripples social functions. Historically, the study of disorganisation has primarily concentrated on schizophrenia, utilizing tools designed to assess formal thought disorder (FTD). This review examines the characteristics, prevalence, and possible neural correlates of FTD within the framework of depressive disorders. Our focus is on disturbances in thought, language, and communication associated with depression, alongside the relevant subjective experiences. We also discuss the challenges and opportunities in using FTD as a predictor of future illness trajectory and advocate for using the broader construct of depressive disorganisation. We review the disruption of brain networks associated with FTD, such as the salience, language, and default mode networks, within the context of depression. In conclusion, we advocate for increased focus on personal narratives, computational psychopathology, and a broader emphasis on thought dynamics to enhance the identification of disorganisation in depression. Renewed emphasis on this neglected area of psychopathology could provide insights on improving employment and social functioning for individuals affected by mood disorders. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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  Data: <i>Copyright of European Archives of Psychiatry & Clinical Neuroscience is the property of Springer Nature and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract.</i> (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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        Value: 10.1007/s00406-025-01994-1
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              Text: Mar2026
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