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Differentiated Threat and Religious Dominance: The Distinct Dynamics of Xenophobia and Islamophobia in the United States.

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Title: Differentiated Threat and Religious Dominance: The Distinct Dynamics of Xenophobia and Islamophobia in the United States.
Authors: Albanese, Anthony (AUTHOR), Kurpiel, Allison (AUTHOR)
Source: Journal for the Scientific Study of Religion (John Wiley & Sons, Inc.). Mar2026, Vol. 65 Issue 1, p49-65. 17p.
Subjects: Xenophobia, Islamophobia, Communalism, Emigration & immigration, Social dominance, Social processes, Group identity
Geographic Terms: United States
Abstract: Drawing on theories of differentiated threat and religious dominance, this article examines the dynamics of xenophobia and Islamophobia in the United States. Specifically, we analyze the distinct threats that immigrants and Muslims pose to groups of various religious identifications. We find that (1) Muslims are perceived as carrying an ideational threat, but not a materialist threat, and (2) immigrants are perceived as carrying a materialist threat, but not an ideational threat. Unlike the latter of these two findings, ideational threat posed by Muslims is more likely among certain religious groups relative to religiously unaffiliated respondents. We extend prior work by showing that distinct threats that different outgroups pose are determined by the respective social identifications of actors within a social field. These findings support theories of differentiated threat and provide marginal support for religious dominance theory. This article emphasizes the need for greater theoretical specification within the group threat literature. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Copyright of Journal for the Scientific Study of Religion (John Wiley & Sons, Inc.) is the property of John Wiley & Sons, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
Database: Psychology and Behavioral Sciences Collection
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  Data: Differentiated Threat and Religious Dominance: The Distinct Dynamics of Xenophobia and Islamophobia in the United States.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Albanese%2C+Anthony%22">Albanese, Anthony</searchLink> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Kurpiel%2C+Allison%22">Kurpiel, Allison</searchLink> (AUTHOR)
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Xenophobia%22">Xenophobia</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Islamophobia%22">Islamophobia</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Communalism%22">Communalism</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Emigration+%26+immigration%22">Emigration & immigration</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Social+dominance%22">Social dominance</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Social+processes%22">Social processes</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Group+identity%22">Group identity</searchLink>
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22United+States%22">United States</searchLink>
– Name: Abstract
  Label: Abstract
  Group: Ab
  Data: Drawing on theories of differentiated threat and religious dominance, this article examines the dynamics of xenophobia and Islamophobia in the United States. Specifically, we analyze the distinct threats that immigrants and Muslims pose to groups of various religious identifications. We find that (1) Muslims are perceived as carrying an ideational threat, but not a materialist threat, and (2) immigrants are perceived as carrying a materialist threat, but not an ideational threat. Unlike the latter of these two findings, ideational threat posed by Muslims is more likely among certain religious groups relative to religiously unaffiliated respondents. We extend prior work by showing that distinct threats that different outgroups pose are determined by the respective social identifications of actors within a social field. These findings support theories of differentiated threat and provide marginal support for religious dominance theory. This article emphasizes the need for greater theoretical specification within the group threat literature. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
– Name: AbstractSuppliedCopyright
  Label:
  Group: Ab
  Data: <i>Copyright of Journal for the Scientific Study of Religion (John Wiley & Sons, Inc.) is the property of John Wiley & Sons, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract.</i> (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
PLink https://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&site=eds-live&db=pbh&AN=192176613
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    Identifiers:
      – Type: doi
        Value: 10.1111/jssr.70003
    Languages:
      – Code: eng
        Text: English
    PhysicalDescription:
      Pagination:
        PageCount: 17
        StartPage: 49
    Subjects:
      – SubjectFull: Xenophobia
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Islamophobia
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Communalism
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Emigration & immigration
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Social dominance
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Social processes
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Group identity
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: United States
        Type: general
    Titles:
      – TitleFull: Differentiated Threat and Religious Dominance: The Distinct Dynamics of Xenophobia and Islamophobia in the United States.
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            NameFull: Albanese, Anthony
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            NameFull: Kurpiel, Allison
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          Dates:
            – D: 01
              M: 03
              Text: Mar2026
              Type: published
              Y: 2026
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              Value: 65
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