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Prevalence and Epidemiology of Restless Leg Syndrome (RLS) Among the Residents of Quetta Pakistan: A Cross-Sectional Study.

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Title: Prevalence and Epidemiology of Restless Leg Syndrome (RLS) Among the Residents of Quetta Pakistan: A Cross-Sectional Study.
Alternate Title: Quetta Pakistan'da Yaşayanlar Arasında Huzursuz Bacaklar Sendromunun (RLS) Prevalansı ve Epidemiyolojisi: Kesitsel Bir Çalışma.
Authors: Ali, Nadia Ewaz (AUTHOR), Tariq, Nabeela (AUTHOR), Jaffar, Maria (AUTHOR)
Source: Journal of Turkish Sleep Medicine. Mar2026, Vol. 13 Issue 1, p17-23. 7p.
Subjects: Cross-sectional method, Questionnaires, Smoking, Severity of illness index, Descriptive statistics, Chi-squared test, Restless legs syndrome, Confidence intervals, Sleep disorders, Evaluation, Disease risk factors, Symptoms
Geographic Terms: Pakistan
Abstract (English): Objective: Restless legs syndrome (RLS) is a prevalent neurological disorder characterized by an irresistible urge to move the legs. Mostly, the condition is associated with other health problems such as sleep disorders or any other health problems, thus making it an underdiagnosed condition among general population in a developing country like Pakistan including its local regions. Materials and Methods: The study consisted of 350 participants from different regions of Quetta to evaluate the prevalence of RLS in the region. To achieve the desired aim, a well-designed questionnaire was made using Google Form which was distributed through different social media platforms from March 2023 to October 2023. The international diagnostic criteria for diagnosis of RLS was used. Results: The prevalence of RLS among 350 individuals was calculated to be 43 (12.1%). According to the Epworth Sleepiness Scale, 20 (46.5%) of the 43 participants with an RLS diagnosis had severe sleepiness, followed by moderate (23.3%), very severe (20.9%), and mild (9.3%). Age, gender, sleeping difficulties, and other health conditions were not substantially correlated with RLS (p > 0.05), however smoking was (p = 0.036). Neither the severity of RLS nor the degree of sleepiness were significantly correlated with gender (p = 0.683 and p = 0.858, respectively). Conclusion: The RLS prevalence found in our study was less than that of another prevalence study in Pakistan. To have a better understanding of the variables of RLS in distinct populations, it is imperative that additional prevalence studies be conducted in various regions of the country. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Abstract (Turkish): Amaç: Huzursuz bacaklar sendromu (RLS), bacakları hareket ettirme konusunda karşı konulamaz bir istekle karakterize edilen yaygın bir nörolojik hastalıktır. Çoğunlukla, bu durum uyku bozuklukları veya diğer sağlık problemleriyle ilişkilindirmekte ve bu da onu Pakistan gibi gelişmekte olan bir ülkede ve yerel bölgelerinde genel popülasyonda tanı konulmamış bir durum haline getirmektedir. Gereç ve Yöntem: Çalışma, Quetta'nın farklı bölgelerinden 350 katılımcıdan oluşmuş ve bölgedeki RLS prevalansını değerlendirmeyi amaçlamıştır. İstenilen amaca ulaşmak için iyi tasarlanmış sorulardan oluşan bir anket formu Google Form ile oluşturulmuş, formlar Mart 2023 ile Ekim 2023 arasında farklı sosyal medya platformları aracılığıyla dağıtılmıştır. RLS tanısı için uluslararası tanı kriterleri kullanılmıştır. Bulgular: Yapılan çalışmada 350 birey arasında RLS prevalansı %12,1 (43 kişi) olarak belirlendi. Epworth Uykululuk Ölçeğine göre, RLS tanısı alan 43 katılımcıdan 20'si (%46,5) şiddetli uykululuk yaşarken, bunları orta derecede (%23,3), çok şiddetli (%20,9) ve hafif (%9,3) uykululuk takip etmiştir. Yaş, cinsiyet, uyku sorunları ve diğer sağlık sorunları RLS ile anlamlı ölçüde ilişkili değildi (p > 0,05), ancak sigara içme ile ilişki bulunmuştur (p = 0,036). RLS şiddeti ve uykululuk derecesi cinsiyetle anlamlı bir şekilde ilişkili değildi (sırasıyla p = 0,683 ve p = 0,858). Sonuç: Çalışmamızda bulunan RLS prevalansı, Pakistan'da başka bir prevalans çalışmasına göre daha düşüktür. RLS'nin farklı popülasyonlardaki değişkenlerini daha iyi anlayabilmek için ülkenin çeşitli bölgelerinde ek prevalans çalışmalarının yapılması gerekmektedir. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Copyright of Journal of Turkish Sleep Medicine is the property of Galenos Yayinevi Tic. LTD. STI and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
Database: Psychology and Behavioral Sciences Collection
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  Label: Title
  Group: Ti
  Data: Prevalence and Epidemiology of Restless Leg Syndrome (RLS) Among the Residents of Quetta Pakistan: A Cross-Sectional Study.
– Name: TitleAlt
  Label: Alternate Title
  Group: TiAlt
  Data: Quetta Pakistan'da Yaşayanlar Arasında Huzursuz Bacaklar Sendromunun (RLS) Prevalansı ve Epidemiyolojisi: Kesitsel Bir Çalışma.
– Name: Author
  Label: Authors
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Ali%2C+Nadia+Ewaz%22">Ali, Nadia Ewaz</searchLink> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Tariq%2C+Nabeela%22">Tariq, Nabeela</searchLink> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Jaffar%2C+Maria%22">Jaffar, Maria</searchLink> (AUTHOR)
– Name: TitleSource
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="JN" term="%22Journal+of+Turkish+Sleep+Medicine%22">Journal of Turkish Sleep Medicine</searchLink>. Mar2026, Vol. 13 Issue 1, p17-23. 7p.
– Name: Subject
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Cross-sectional+method%22">Cross-sectional method</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Questionnaires%22">Questionnaires</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Smoking%22">Smoking</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Severity+of+illness+index%22">Severity of illness index</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Descriptive+statistics%22">Descriptive statistics</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Chi-squared+test%22">Chi-squared test</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Restless+legs+syndrome%22">Restless legs syndrome</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Confidence+intervals%22">Confidence intervals</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Sleep+disorders%22">Sleep disorders</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Evaluation%22">Evaluation</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Disease+risk+factors%22">Disease risk factors</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Symptoms%22">Symptoms</searchLink>
– Name: SubjectGeographic
  Label: Geographic Terms
  Group: Su
  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Pakistan%22">Pakistan</searchLink>
– Name: Abstract
  Label: Abstract (English)
  Group: Ab
  Data: Objective: Restless legs syndrome (RLS) is a prevalent neurological disorder characterized by an irresistible urge to move the legs. Mostly, the condition is associated with other health problems such as sleep disorders or any other health problems, thus making it an underdiagnosed condition among general population in a developing country like Pakistan including its local regions. Materials and Methods: The study consisted of 350 participants from different regions of Quetta to evaluate the prevalence of RLS in the region. To achieve the desired aim, a well-designed questionnaire was made using Google Form which was distributed through different social media platforms from March 2023 to October 2023. The international diagnostic criteria for diagnosis of RLS was used. Results: The prevalence of RLS among 350 individuals was calculated to be 43 (12.1%). According to the Epworth Sleepiness Scale, 20 (46.5%) of the 43 participants with an RLS diagnosis had severe sleepiness, followed by moderate (23.3%), very severe (20.9%), and mild (9.3%). Age, gender, sleeping difficulties, and other health conditions were not substantially correlated with RLS (p > 0.05), however smoking was (p = 0.036). Neither the severity of RLS nor the degree of sleepiness were significantly correlated with gender (p = 0.683 and p = 0.858, respectively). Conclusion: The RLS prevalence found in our study was less than that of another prevalence study in Pakistan. To have a better understanding of the variables of RLS in distinct populations, it is imperative that additional prevalence studies be conducted in various regions of the country. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
– Name: Abstract
  Label: Abstract (Turkish)
  Group: Ab
  Data: Amaç: Huzursuz bacaklar sendromu (RLS), bacakları hareket ettirme konusunda karşı konulamaz bir istekle karakterize edilen yaygın bir nörolojik hastalıktır. Çoğunlukla, bu durum uyku bozuklukları veya diğer sağlık problemleriyle ilişkilindirmekte ve bu da onu Pakistan gibi gelişmekte olan bir ülkede ve yerel bölgelerinde genel popülasyonda tanı konulmamış bir durum haline getirmektedir. Gereç ve Yöntem: Çalışma, Quetta'nın farklı bölgelerinden 350 katılımcıdan oluşmuş ve bölgedeki RLS prevalansını değerlendirmeyi amaçlamıştır. İstenilen amaca ulaşmak için iyi tasarlanmış sorulardan oluşan bir anket formu Google Form ile oluşturulmuş, formlar Mart 2023 ile Ekim 2023 arasında farklı sosyal medya platformları aracılığıyla dağıtılmıştır. RLS tanısı için uluslararası tanı kriterleri kullanılmıştır. Bulgular: Yapılan çalışmada 350 birey arasında RLS prevalansı %12,1 (43 kişi) olarak belirlendi. Epworth Uykululuk Ölçeğine göre, RLS tanısı alan 43 katılımcıdan 20'si (%46,5) şiddetli uykululuk yaşarken, bunları orta derecede (%23,3), çok şiddetli (%20,9) ve hafif (%9,3) uykululuk takip etmiştir. Yaş, cinsiyet, uyku sorunları ve diğer sağlık sorunları RLS ile anlamlı ölçüde ilişkili değildi (p > 0,05), ancak sigara içme ile ilişki bulunmuştur (p = 0,036). RLS şiddeti ve uykululuk derecesi cinsiyetle anlamlı bir şekilde ilişkili değildi (sırasıyla p = 0,683 ve p = 0,858). Sonuç: Çalışmamızda bulunan RLS prevalansı, Pakistan'da başka bir prevalans çalışmasına göre daha düşüktür. RLS'nin farklı popülasyonlardaki değişkenlerini daha iyi anlayabilmek için ülkenin çeşitli bölgelerinde ek prevalans çalışmalarının yapılması gerekmektedir. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
– Name: AbstractSuppliedCopyright
  Label:
  Group: Ab
  Data: <i>Copyright of Journal of Turkish Sleep Medicine is the property of Galenos Yayinevi Tic. LTD. STI and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract.</i> (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
PLink https://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&site=eds-live&db=pbh&AN=192193349
RecordInfo BibRecord:
  BibEntity:
    Identifiers:
      – Type: doi
        Value: 10.4274/jtsm.galenos.2025.93723
    Languages:
      – Code: eng
        Text: English
    PhysicalDescription:
      Pagination:
        PageCount: 7
        StartPage: 17
    Subjects:
      – SubjectFull: Cross-sectional method
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Questionnaires
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Smoking
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Severity of illness index
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Descriptive statistics
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Chi-squared test
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Restless legs syndrome
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Confidence intervals
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Sleep disorders
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Evaluation
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Disease risk factors
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Symptoms
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Pakistan
        Type: general
    Titles:
      – TitleFull: Prevalence and Epidemiology of Restless Leg Syndrome (RLS) Among the Residents of Quetta Pakistan: A Cross-Sectional Study.
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              M: 03
              Text: Mar2026
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              Y: 2026
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