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Perceived Risk and Prescription Amphetamine Misuse Among US High School Seniors: A Cross-Sectional Analysis.

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Title: Perceived Risk and Prescription Amphetamine Misuse Among US High School Seniors: A Cross-Sectional Analysis.
Authors: Peck, Michael X. (AUTHOR), Parker, Maria A. (AUTHOR)
Source: Substance Use & Misuse. 2026, Vol. 61 Issue 5, p783-787. 5p.
Subjects: Substance abuse risk factors, Substance abuse prevention, Risk assessment, Substance abuse, Cross-sectional method, Poisson distribution, Self-evaluation, Public health surveillance, Psychology of high school students, Sex distribution, Amphetamines, Descriptive statistics, Decision making, Teenagers' conduct of life, Health behavior, Confidence intervals, Data analysis software, Health education, Patients' attitudes
Geographic Terms: United States
Abstract: Background: Perceived risk, or an individual's perception of the risk associated with a behavior, has been identified as a protective factor against initiating prescription stimulant use. This study examined the association between perceived risk and misuse of prescription amphetamines among US high school seniors. Methods: We analyzed 12th grade data from the Monitoring the Future (MTF) study (2012-2023; n = 16,927). Perceived risk of occasional Adderall use was self-reported, with responses ranging from "No Risk" to "Great Risk." Weighted modified Poisson regression models with robust standard errors assessed the cross-sectional association between perceived risk of Adderall use and past 30-day prescription amphetamine misuse, adjusting for demographic covariates. We also ran sex-stratified models to examine sex differences. Results: Approximately a third of students perceived "Low Risk" (32.5%), 25.7% perceived "Moderate Risk," and 41.% perceived "High Risk" of occasional Adderall use. Overall, 2.9% used prescription amphetamines in the past 30 days. Higher perceived risk of occasional Adderall use was significantly associated with lower prescription amphetamine misuse for students perceiving "Low Risk" (APR = 5.65, 95% CI: 4.21, 7.59) and "Moderate Risk" (APR = 1.98, 95% CI: 1.39, 2.83) compared to "High Risk." This association held for both males and females, with no significant sex differences across risk groups. Conclusion: Perceiving higher risk of occasional Adderall use was associated with lower prescription amphetamine misuse among US high school seniors. Findings support the role of perceived risk as protective and underscore its relevance for early intervention strategies. Future longitudinal studies are needed to clarify the directionality and temporality of this association. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Copyright of Substance Use & Misuse is the property of Taylor & Francis Ltd and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
Database: Psychology and Behavioral Sciences Collection
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  Data: Perceived Risk and Prescription Amphetamine Misuse Among US High School Seniors: A Cross-Sectional Analysis.
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  Data: Background: Perceived risk, or an individual's perception of the risk associated with a behavior, has been identified as a protective factor against initiating prescription stimulant use. This study examined the association between perceived risk and misuse of prescription amphetamines among US high school seniors. Methods: We analyzed 12th grade data from the Monitoring the Future (MTF) study (2012-2023; n = 16,927). Perceived risk of occasional Adderall use was self-reported, with responses ranging from "No Risk" to "Great Risk." Weighted modified Poisson regression models with robust standard errors assessed the cross-sectional association between perceived risk of Adderall use and past 30-day prescription amphetamine misuse, adjusting for demographic covariates. We also ran sex-stratified models to examine sex differences. Results: Approximately a third of students perceived "Low Risk" (32.5%), 25.7% perceived "Moderate Risk," and 41.% perceived "High Risk" of occasional Adderall use. Overall, 2.9% used prescription amphetamines in the past 30 days. Higher perceived risk of occasional Adderall use was significantly associated with lower prescription amphetamine misuse for students perceiving "Low Risk" (APR = 5.65, 95% CI: 4.21, 7.59) and "Moderate Risk" (APR = 1.98, 95% CI: 1.39, 2.83) compared to "High Risk." This association held for both males and females, with no significant sex differences across risk groups. Conclusion: Perceiving higher risk of occasional Adderall use was associated with lower prescription amphetamine misuse among US high school seniors. Findings support the role of perceived risk as protective and underscore its relevance for early intervention strategies. Future longitudinal studies are needed to clarify the directionality and temporality of this association. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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  Data: <i>Copyright of Substance Use & Misuse is the property of Taylor & Francis Ltd and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract.</i> (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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        Value: 10.1080/10826084.2025.2574356
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      – Code: eng
        Text: English
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      – SubjectFull: United States
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      – TitleFull: Perceived Risk and Prescription Amphetamine Misuse Among US High School Seniors: A Cross-Sectional Analysis.
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              Text: 2026
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