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Relations between ethnic‐racial identity statuses and critical consciousness among Latine adolescents.

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Title: Relations between ethnic‐racial identity statuses and critical consciousness among Latine adolescents.
Authors: Wantchekon, Kristia A. (AUTHOR), Burson, Esther (AUTHOR), Kornienko, Olga (AUTHOR), Perez‐Brena, Norma J. (AUTHOR), Hernández, Maciel M. (AUTHOR), Safa, M. Dalal (AUTHOR), Ha, Thao (AUTHOR)
Source: Journal of Research on Adolescence (Wiley-Blackwell). Mar2026, Vol. 36 Issue 1, p1-14. 14p.
Subjects: Critical consciousness, Latent class analysis (Statistics), Identity (Psychology), Social action, Latin Americans, Race identity, Oppression, Ethnicity
Abstract: Ethnic‐racial identity (ERI) development reflects the processes through which adolescents learn about their ethnic‐racial background (i.e., exploration) and develop clarity about what it means to them (i.e., resolution). Research on ERI has been critiqued for not examining connections between ERI and broader social beliefs, such as critical consciousness (i.e., individuals' level of reflection about social oppression, motivation to take action against it, and the extent to which they take such action). When examining connections to ERI, research underscores the importance of considering individuals' patterns of exploration and resolution in tandem (i.e., ERI status) rather than analyzing them in isolation. Accordingly, the current study utilized latent profile analysis to examine how ERI status profiles were associated with dimensions of Latine adolescents' critical consciousness. Cross‐sectional data came from Latine adolescents (n = 338, Mage = 16.30, SD: 1.11; 44% boys, 53% girls, 3% another gender) attending a U.S. southwestern high school. Findings revealed three ERI status profiles: Foreclosed (n = 132; lower exploration and higher resolution), Diffuse (n = 59; lower exploration and resolution), and Achieved (n = 147; higher exploration and resolution). Profiles did not significantly differ in critical reflection. The Achieved profile reported the highest critical motivation, the Diffuse profile reported the lowest, and the Foreclosed profile fell between them. The Achieved profile reported higher critical action than the other two profiles, which did not significantly differ from one another. Findings suggest that among Latine adolescents, engaging in ERI development is connected to feeling more agency to change unjust systems and engaging in more action against such systems, but higher ERI development does not necessarily reflect deeper engagement in questioning those systems (i.e., critical reflection). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Copyright of Journal of Research on Adolescence (Wiley-Blackwell) is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
Database: Psychology and Behavioral Sciences Collection
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  Data: Relations between ethnic‐racial identity statuses and critical consciousness among Latine adolescents.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Wantchekon%2C+Kristia+A%2E%22">Wantchekon, Kristia A.</searchLink> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Burson%2C+Esther%22">Burson, Esther</searchLink> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Kornienko%2C+Olga%22">Kornienko, Olga</searchLink> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Perez‐Brena%2C+Norma+J%2E%22">Perez‐Brena, Norma J.</searchLink> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Hernández%2C+Maciel+M%2E%22">Hernández, Maciel M.</searchLink> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Safa%2C+M%2E+Dalal%22">Safa, M. Dalal</searchLink> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Ha%2C+Thao%22">Ha, Thao</searchLink> (AUTHOR)
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="JN" term="%22Journal+of+Research+on+Adolescence+%28Wiley-Blackwell%29%22">Journal of Research on Adolescence (Wiley-Blackwell)</searchLink>. Mar2026, Vol. 36 Issue 1, p1-14. 14p.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Critical+consciousness%22">Critical consciousness</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Latent+class+analysis+%28Statistics%29%22">Latent class analysis (Statistics)</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Identity+%28Psychology%29%22">Identity (Psychology)</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Social+action%22">Social action</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Latin+Americans%22">Latin Americans</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Race+identity%22">Race identity</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Oppression%22">Oppression</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Ethnicity%22">Ethnicity</searchLink>
– Name: Abstract
  Label: Abstract
  Group: Ab
  Data: Ethnic‐racial identity (ERI) development reflects the processes through which adolescents learn about their ethnic‐racial background (i.e., exploration) and develop clarity about what it means to them (i.e., resolution). Research on ERI has been critiqued for not examining connections between ERI and broader social beliefs, such as critical consciousness (i.e., individuals' level of reflection about social oppression, motivation to take action against it, and the extent to which they take such action). When examining connections to ERI, research underscores the importance of considering individuals' patterns of exploration and resolution in tandem (i.e., ERI status) rather than analyzing them in isolation. Accordingly, the current study utilized latent profile analysis to examine how ERI status profiles were associated with dimensions of Latine adolescents' critical consciousness. Cross‐sectional data came from Latine adolescents (n = 338, Mage = 16.30, SD: 1.11; 44% boys, 53% girls, 3% another gender) attending a U.S. southwestern high school. Findings revealed three ERI status profiles: Foreclosed (n = 132; lower exploration and higher resolution), Diffuse (n = 59; lower exploration and resolution), and Achieved (n = 147; higher exploration and resolution). Profiles did not significantly differ in critical reflection. The Achieved profile reported the highest critical motivation, the Diffuse profile reported the lowest, and the Foreclosed profile fell between them. The Achieved profile reported higher critical action than the other two profiles, which did not significantly differ from one another. Findings suggest that among Latine adolescents, engaging in ERI development is connected to feeling more agency to change unjust systems and engaging in more action against such systems, but higher ERI development does not necessarily reflect deeper engagement in questioning those systems (i.e., critical reflection). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
– Name: AbstractSuppliedCopyright
  Label:
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  Data: <i>Copyright of Journal of Research on Adolescence (Wiley-Blackwell) is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract.</i> (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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        Value: 10.1111/jora.70140
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      – Code: eng
        Text: English
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        PageCount: 14
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    Subjects:
      – SubjectFull: Critical consciousness
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Latent class analysis (Statistics)
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Identity (Psychology)
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Social action
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Latin Americans
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Race identity
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Oppression
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Ethnicity
        Type: general
    Titles:
      – TitleFull: Relations between ethnic‐racial identity statuses and critical consciousness among Latine adolescents.
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            NameFull: Perez‐Brena, Norma J.
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            NameFull: Hernández, Maciel M.
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              M: 03
              Text: Mar2026
              Type: published
              Y: 2026
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